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=== Health === {{See also|Health care in Denmark}} [[File:Rigshospitalet_20130427_0004F_(8739514693).jpg|thumb|[[Rigshospitalet]] in Copenhagen, the most specialised hospital in Denmark, receiving over 350,000 unique patients a year<ref>{{Cite web |title=Om hospitalet |url=https://www.rigshospitalet.dk/om-hospitalet/Sider/default.aspx |access-date=3 November 2022 |website=www.rigshospitalet.dk |archive-date=3 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103131739/https://www.rigshospitalet.dk/om-hospitalet/Sider/default.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>]] {{As of|2022}}, Denmark has a [[life expectancy]] of 81.3 years at birth (79.5 for men, 83.2 for women), up from 80.6 years in 2015.<ref name="WHO">{{cite web |date= |title=Life expectancy |url=https://eurohealthobservatory.who.int/monitors/health-systems-monitor/countries-hspm/hspm/denmark-2024/introduction |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016022444/http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.688?lang=en |archive-date=16 October 2014 |access-date=28 March 2025 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> This [[List of countries by life expectancy|ranks it]] 26th among 193 nations, behind the other [[Nordic countries]]. The ''National Institute of Public Health'' of the [[University of Southern Denmark]] has calculated 19 major risk factors among Danes that contribute to a lowering of the life expectancy; this includes smoking, alcohol, [[drug abuse]] and [[Sedentary lifestyle|physical inactivity]].<ref name="health report">{{cite book|last=Brønnum-Hansen|first=Knud Juel, Jan Sørensen, Henrik|title=Risk factors and public health in Denmark – Summary report|date=2007|publisher=National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark|location=København|isbn=978-87-7899-123-2|url=http://www.si-folkesundhed.dk/upload/2745_-_risk_factors_and_public_health_in_denmark.pdf|access-date=31 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222143524/http://www.si-folkesundhed.dk/upload/2745_-_risk_factors_and_public_health_in_denmark.pdf|archive-date=22 December 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Although the [[Obesity by country|obesity rate]] is lower than in North America and most other European countries,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2228rank.html |title=Obesity – Adult prevalence |publisher=CIA Factbook |access-date=20 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010185132/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2228rank.html |archive-date=10 October 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the large number of [[overweight]] Danes results in an annual additional consumption in the health care system of [[Danish krone|DKK]] 1,625 million.<ref name="health report" /> In a 2012 study, Denmark had the highest [[List of OECD countries by cancer rate|cancer rate]] of all countries listed by the World Cancer Research Fund International; researchers suggest the reasons are better reporting, but also lifestyle factors like heavy [[List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita|alcohol consumption]], [[Prevalence of tobacco consumption|smoking]] and [[physical inactivity]].<ref>{{cite news|title = Why is Denmark the cancer capital of the world?|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/8277418/Why-is-Denmark-the-cancer-capital-of-the-world.html|work = The Daily Telegraph|location = London|access-date = 4 January 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035731/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/8277418/Why-is-Denmark-the-cancer-capital-of-the-world.html|archive-date = 4 March 2016|url-status=live|df = dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title = Data for cancer frequency by country|url = http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/data-cancer-frequency-country|publisher = WCRF|date = 2012|access-date = 4 January 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151230080530/http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/data-cancer-frequency-country|archive-date = 30 December 2015|url-status=live|df = dmy-all}}</ref> Denmark has a [[universal health care]] system, characterised by being publicly financed through taxes and, for most of the services, run directly by the regional authorities. One of the sources of income was a national health care contribution (''{{lang|da|sundhedsbidrag}}'') (2007–11:8%; '12:7%; '13:6%; '14:5%; '15:4%; '16:3%; '17:2%; '18:1%; '19:0%) but it was phased out from January 2019 in favour of income taxes.<ref name=taxation1 /> This means that most [[health care provider|health care provision]] is free at the point of delivery for all residents. Additionally, roughly two in five have complementary [[Health insurance|private insurance]] to cover services not fully covered by the state, such as [[Physical therapy|physiotherapy]].<ref name=commonwealth /> {{As of|2012}}, Denmark spends 11.2% of its GDP on health care; this is up from 9.8% in 2007 (US$3,512 per capita).<ref name=commonwealth>{{cite web |title=International Profiles of Health Care Systems |url=http://www.commonwealthfund.org/~/media/Files/Publications/Fund%20Report/2010/Jun/1417_Squires_Intl_Profiles_622.pdf |publisher=The Commonwealth Fund |access-date=31 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228014404/http://www.commonwealthfund.org/~/media/Files/Publications/Fund%20Report/2010/Jun/1417_Squires_Intl_Profiles_622.pdf |archive-date=28 December 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This places Denmark above the [[OECD]] average and above the other Nordic countries.<ref name=commonwealth /><ref>{{cite web|title=Country Comparison :: Life Expectancy at Birth|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html|work=The World Factbook|publisher=CIA|access-date=31 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120024054/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html|archive-date=20 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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