Editing Crime (section)

== Criminology ==
{{Main|Criminology|Crime science}}

The study of crime is called ''criminology''.{{Sfn|Fattah|1997|p=29}} Criminology is a subfield of [[sociology]] that addresses issues of [[Social norm|social norms]], [[social order]], [[Deviance (sociology)|deviance]], and [[violence]]. It includes the [[Motivations for hate crime|motivations]] and [[Criminal justice|consequences]] of crime and its [[Suspect|perpetrators]], as well as [[Crime prevention|preventative measures]], either studying criminal acts on an individual level or the relationship of crime and the community.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-27 |title=Criminology |url=https://www.ucas.com/explore/subjects/criminology |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=UCAS |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Sampson |first=Robert J. |date=2000 |title=Whither the Sociological Study of Crime? |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.711 |journal=Annual Review of Sociology |language=en |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=711–714 |doi=10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.711 |issn=0360-0572}}</ref> Due to the wide range of concepts associated with crime and the disagreement on a precise definition, the focus of criminology can vary considerably.{{Sfn|Fattah|1997|p=29}} Various theories within criminology provide different descriptions and explanations for crime, including [[social control theory]], [[subcultural theory]], [[Strain theory (sociology)|strain theory]], [[differential association]], and [[labeling theory]].<ref name=":0" />

Subfields of criminology and related fields of study include [[crime prevention]], [[criminal law]], [[crime statistics]], [[anthropological criminology]], [[criminal psychology]], criminal sociology, criminal [[psychiatry]], [[victimology]], [[penology]], and [[forensic science]].{{Sfn|Hoefnagels|1973|pp=57–66}} Besides sociology, criminology is often associated with law and psychology.{{Sfn|Pease|2010|p=7}}