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====Modern sources==== {{refbegin|40em|indent=y}} *{{Cite book |last=Alföldi |first=Andreas |url=https://archive.org/details/conversionofcons0000alfl |title=The conversion of Constantine and pagan Rome |date=1948 |publisher=Clarendon Press |isbn=9780198143567 |translator-last=Harold Mattingly}} *{{cite book |last=Anderson |first=Perry |author-link=Perry Anderson |date=2013 |orig-year=1974 |title=Passages from Antiquity to Feudalism |publisher=Verso Books |isbn=9781781680087 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NE9qw3_yCRgC}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/jaarel/XXXII.1.1 |title=Church and State Relations: The Changes Wrought by Constantine |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Religion |pages=1–7 |year=1964 |last1=Armstrong |first1=Gregory T. |volume=XXXII}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/988835 |jstor=988835 |title=Constantine's Churches: Symbol and Structure |journal=Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=5–16 |year=1974 |last1=Armstrong |first1=Gregory T.}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/299163 |jstor=299163 |title=Lactantius and Constantine |journal=Journal of Roman Studies |volume=63 |pages=29–46 |year=1973 |last1=Barnes |first1=T. D. |s2cid=163051414}} *{{cite book |last=Barnes |first=Timothy D. |author-link=Timothy Barnes (classicist) |title=Constantine and Eusebius |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LGDjJK-JeSwC |year=1981 |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge, MA |isbn=978-0-674-16531-1}} *{{cite book |doi=10.4159/harvard.9780674280670 |title=The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine |year=1982 |last1=Barnes |first1=Timothy D. |s2cid=162343436 |isbn=9780674280670}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/300656 |jstor=300656 |title=Constantine and the Christians of Persia |journal=Journal of Roman Studies |volume=75 |pages=126–136 |year=1985 |last1=Barnes |first1=T. D. |s2cid=162744718}} *{{cite book |last=Barnes |year=2011 |first=Timothy |title=Constantine: Dynasty, Religion and Power in the Later Roman Empire |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |place=Oxford |isbn=978-1-405-11727-2}} *{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dGzDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA530 |title=Armenia between Byzantium and the Orient|date=2019|publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-39774-3 |last=Bernard |first=Outtier |pages=230–580|display-authors=etal}} *{{cite book |doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521301992.004 |chapter=Diocletian and the first tetrarchy, a.d. 284–305 |title=The Cambridge Ancient History |pages=67–89 |year=2005 |last1=Bowman |first1=Alan K. |isbn=9781139053921}} *{{cite book |doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521301992.005 |chapter=The Reign of Constantine, a.d. 306–337 |title=[[The Cambridge Ancient History]] | volume=12 |pages=90–109 |year=2005 |last1=Cameron |first1=Averil |isbn=9781139053921 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MNSyT_PuYVMC&pg=PA90}} *{{cite book |year=1999 |last1=Carrié |first1=Jean-Michel |last2=Rouselle |first2=Aline |title=L'Empire Romain en mutation- des Sévères à Constantin, 192–337 |publisher=Seuil |place=Paris |isbn=2-02-025819-6}} *{{cite book |year=2003 |last1=Christol |first1=Michel |author1-link=Michel Christol |last2=Nony |first2=D. |title=Rome et son Empire |publisher=Hachette |place=Paris |isbn=2-02-025819-6}} *{{cite book |year=1996 |last1=Corcoran |first1=Simon |author-link=Simon Corcoran |title=The Empire of the Tetrarchs: Imperial Pronouncements and Government, AD 284–324 |publisher=Clarendon Press |place=Oxford |isbn=0-19-815304-X}} *{{cite book |last=Curran |first=John |title=Pagan City and Christian Capital |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=2000 |edition=Hardcover |isbn=0-19-815278-7}} Paperback {{ISBN|0-19-925420-6}} *{{cite book |last=Dagron |first=Gilbert |title=Naissance d'une Capitale: Constantinople et ses institutions de 330 a 451 |location=Paris |publisher=Presses Universitaires de France |year=1984 |isbn=2-13-038902-3 |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3403692s/f9.item.texteImage}} *{{cite book |last=Digeser |first=Elizabeth DePalma |author-link=Elizabeth DePalma Digeser |title=The Making of A Christian Empire: Lactantius and Rome |location=London |publisher=Cornell University Press |year=2000 |isbn=0-8014-3594-3}} *{{Cite book |last=Doležal |first=Stanislav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4hVuEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA221 |title=The Reign of Constantine, 306–337: Continuity and Change in the Late Roman Empire |date=2022 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-030-97464-0 }} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/2849245 |jstor=2849245 |title=Education in the Christian Roman Empire: Christian and Pagan Theories under Constantine and His Successors |journal=Speculum |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=48–61 |year=1957 |last1=Downey |first1=Glanville |s2cid=161904593}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/367077 |title=What Eusebius Knew: The Genesis of the "Vita Constantini" |journal=Classical Philology |volume=83 |pages=20–38 |year=1988 |last1=Drake |first1=H. A. |s2cid=162370910}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/3168653 |jstor=3168653 |title=Constantine and Consensus |journal=Church History |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=1–15 |year=1995 |last1=Drake |first1=H. A. |s2cid=163129848}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/past/153.1.3 |title=Lambs into Lions: Explaining Early Christian Intolerance |journal=Past & Present |issue=153 |pages=3–36 |year=1996 |last1=Drake |first1=H. A.}} *{{cite book |last=Drake |first=H. A. |title=Constantine and the Bishops: The Politics of Intolerance |location=Baltimore |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |year=2000 |isbn=0-8018-6218-3}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/1088714 |jstor=1088714 |title=Constantine's Conversion: Do We Really Need It? |journal=Phoenix |volume=41 |issue=4 |pages=420–438 |year=1987 |last1=Elliott |first1=T. G.}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/1088553 |jstor=1088553 |title=Eusebian Frauds in the "Vita Constantini" |journal=Phoenix |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=162–171 |year=1991 |last1=Elliott |first1=T. G.}} *{{cite book |last=Elliott |first=T. G. |title=The Christianity of Constantine the Great |location=Scranton, PA |publisher=University of Scranton Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-940866-59-5}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/301456 |jstor=301456 |title=Between Pagans and Christians |journal=Journal of Roman Studies |volume=78 |pages=173–182 |year=1988 |last1=Fowden |first1=Garth |s2cid=163374397}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/300874 |jstor=300874 |title=The Last Days of Constantine: Oppositional Versions and their Influence |journal=Journal of Roman Studies |volume=84 |pages=146–170 |year=1994 |last1=Fowden |first1=Garth |s2cid=161959828}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1353/jhi.1996.0004 |title=Humanism and Truth: Valla Writes Against the Donation of Constantine |journal=Journal of the History of Ideas |volume=57 |pages=79–86 |year=1996 |last1=Fubini |first1=Riccardo |s2cid=170927536}} *{{cite book |last=Gibbon |first=Edward |author-link=Edward Gibbon |date=1952 |orig-year=1789 |title=[[Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] in 2 volumes}} *{{cite book |last=Goldsworthy |first=Adrian |author-link=Adrian Goldsworthy |date=2009 |title=How Rome Fell |publisher=Yale University Press |url=https://archive.org/details/howromefelldeath0000gold |isbn=978-0-300-13719-4}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/486406 |title=Religion and Politics at the Council at Nicaea |journal=The Journal of Religion |volume=55 |pages=1–12 |year=1975 |last1=Grant |first1=Robert M. |s2cid=170410226}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/1087057 |jstor=1087057 |title=The Execution of Crispus |journal=Phoenix |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=325–331 |year=1966 |last1=Guthrie |first1=Patrick}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/3163949 |jstor=3163949 |title=Christians and the Roman Army A.D. 173–337 |journal=Church History |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=149–163 |year=1974 |last1=Helgeland |first1=John |s2cid=162376477}} *{{cite book |last=Jones |year=1971 |first=A.H.M. |author2=J.R. Martindale |author3=J. Morris |title=Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire |volume=1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-07233-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/prosopography-later-roman-empire/PLRE-I |name-list-style=amp |author-link=A. H. M. Jones |author-link2=John Robert Martindale |author-link3=John Morris (historian) |ref={{sfnref|Jones|Martindale|Morris}}}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/2504190 |jstor=2504190 |title=Gibbon's "Age of Constantine" and the Fall of Rome |journal=History and Theory |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=71–96 |year=1969 |last1=Jordan |first1=David P.}} *{{Cite book |date=1991 |url=https://archive.org/details/odb_20210521 |title=Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium |editor-last=Kazhdan |editor-first=Alexander P. |editor-link=Alexander Kazhdan |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-504652-6}} *{{cite book |last=Jones |first=A.H.M. |author-link=Arnold Hugh Martin Jones |title=Constantine and the Conversion of Europe |location=Buffalo |publisher=University of Toronto Press |year=1978 |isbn=9780802063694 |orig-year=1948 |url=https://archive.org/details/constantineconve00jone_0}} *{{cite book |last=Lenski |first=Noel |display-authors=etal|ref={{SfnRef|Lenski et al.}} |title=The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine |location=New York |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2006 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cfRTip1qBJcC&pg=PA1 |isbn=9780521521574}} *{{cite book |last1=Lieu |first1=Samuel N.C. |author-link=Samuel N. C. Lieu |last2=Montserrat |first2=Dominic |author2-link=Dominic Montserrat |title=From Constantine to Julian: Pagan and Byzantine Views; A Source History |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |year=1996 |isbn=9780415093354 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XnTNWtBmhv8C}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/449431 |title=Lactantius and the Succession to Diocletian |journal=Classical Philology |volume=94 |issue=2 |pages=198–209 |year=1999 |last1=MacKay |first1=Christopher S. |s2cid=161141658}} *{{cite book |last=MacMullen |first=Ramsay |author-link=Ramsay MacMullen |title=Constantine |location=New York |publisher=Dial Press |year=1969 |isbn=0-7099-4685-6}} *[[David Mattingly (author)|Mattingly, David]]. ''An Imperial Possession: Britain in the Roman Empire''. London: Penguin, 2007. {{ISBN|978-0-14-014822-0}} *{{citation|last=McLay |first=Denis |title=An Examination of the Role of Ossius, Bishop of Córdoba, in the Arian Controversy |journal=Dissertation – Durham University |url=https://www.academia.edu/65018532|year=2015}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1163/157007200X00189 |title=Constantine's Vision of the Ecross |journal=Vigiliae Christianae |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=309–323 |year=2000 |last1=Nicholson |first1=Oliver}} *{{cite book |last1=Odahl |first1=Charles M.|title=Constantine and the Christian Empire |date=2001 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-17485-5 |location=London|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=770uCgAAQBAJ}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/ehr/XXIV.XCIII.1 |title=The Campaign against Paganism A.D. 824 |journal=The English Historical Review |pages=1–17 |year=1909 |last1=Pears |first1=Edwin |volume=XXIV |issue=XCIII}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.3406/etnor.1984.2597 |title=La céramique normande |journal=Études Normandes |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=79–106 |year=1984 |last1=Vaudour |first1=Catherine}} *{{cite book |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans |title=The Emperor Constantine |location=London & New York |publisher=Routledge |year=2004a |isbn=0-415-31937-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-DCEKDw7I7cC}} Paperback {{ISBN|0-415-31938-2}} *{{cite web |last=Pohlsander|first=Hans|year=2004b|url=http://www.roman-emperors.org/conniei.htm |title=Constantine I (306–337)|website=[[De Imperatoribus Romanis]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402075317/http://www.roman-emperors.org/conniei.htm |archive-date=2 April 2022 }} *{{cite book |last=Potter |first=David S. |title=The Roman Empire at Bay: AD 180–395 |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |year=2004 |edition=Hardcover |isbn=0-415-10057-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Da6U4NaBMZAC}} Paperback {{ISBN|0-415-10058-5}} *{{cite book |doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199249183.001.0001 |title=Layers of Loyalty in Latin Panegyric |year=2002 |last1=Rees |first1=Roger |isbn=9780199249183}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1017/S0009838800040611 |title=The Metamorphosis of Constantine |journal=The Classical Quarterly |volume=39 |pages=233–246 |year=1989 |last1=Rodgers |first1=Barbara Saylor |s2cid=170720156}} *Scheidel, Walter. "The Monetary Systems of the Han and Roman Empires". In Scheidel, ed., ''Rome and China: Comparative Perspectives on Ancient World Empires''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010, {{ISBN|978-0-19-975835-7}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/766771 |jstor=766771 |title=Constantine 'and' Charlemagne |journal=Gesta |volume=15 |issue=1/2 |pages=237–239 |year=1976 |last1=Seidel |first1=Linda |s2cid=193434433}} *{{cite book |last=Southern |first=Pat. |title=The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |year=2001 |isbn=0-415-23944-3}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/3162367 |jstor=3162367 |title=The 'Eusebian Constantine' |journal=Church History |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=145–155 |year=1971 |last1=Storch |first1=Rudolph H. |s2cid=162937055}} *{{Cite book |last=Treadgold |first=Warren |title=A History of the Byzantine State and Society |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-8047-2630-6 |location=Stanford |author-link=Warren Treadgold |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC}} *Udoh, Fabian E. "Quand notre monde est devenu chretien", review, ''Theological Studies'', June 2008 *[[Paul Veyne|Veyne, Paul]]. ''L'Empire Gréco-Romain'', Paris: Seuil, 2005. {{ISBN|2-02-057798-4}} *[[Paul Veyne|Veyne, Paul]].''Quand notre monde est devenu chrétien'', Paris: Albin Michel, 2007. {{ISBN|978-2-226-17609-7}} *{{cite book |last1=Warmington|first1=Brian|editor-last=Drijvers|editor-first=J.W.|chapter=Some Constantinian References in Ammianus|title=The Late Roman World and its Historian: Interpreting Ammianus Marcellinus |year=1999|isbn=0-415-20271-X|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/lateromanworldit0000unse/page/166/mode/2up|pages=166–167|publisher=Routledge }} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1017/S1047759400013088 |title=The vision of Constantine |journal=Journal of Roman Archaeology |volume=16 |pages=237–259 |year=2003 |last1=Weiss |first1=Peter |s2cid=162396067}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1017/S0009838800043962 |title=Libanius on Constantine |journal=The Classical Quarterly |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=511–524 |year=1994 |last1=Wiemer |first1=Hans-Ulrich |s2cid=170876695}} *{{cite book |last1=Wienand |first1=Johannes |title=Der Kaiser als Sieger |year=2012 |isbn=9783050059044|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RVjyCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA26|doi=10.1524/9783050059044 }} *Wienand, Johannes (ed.). ''Contested Monarchy. Integrating the Roman Empire in the Fourth Century AD''. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2015. *{{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Stephen |title=Diocletian and the Roman Recovery |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |year=1997 |isbn=0-415-91827-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9il6P3TPj-AC}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/gr/45.1.70 |title=On the Death of the Empress Fausta |journal=Greece and Rome |volume=45 |pages=70–86 |year=1998 |last1=Woods |first1=David |doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/jts/48.2.531 |title=Where Did Constantine I Die? |journal=The Journal of Theological Studies |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=531–535 |year=1997 |last1=Woods |first1=D.}} *{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/1291584 |jstor=1291584 |title=The True Face of Constantine the Great |journal=Dumbarton Oaks Papers |volume=41 |pages=493–507 |year=1987 |last1=Wright |first1=David H.}} *{{cite book|first = Frances M. |last = Young |editor1-first = Margaret M. |editor1-last = Mitchell |editor2-first = Frances M. |editor2-last = Young |title = Origins to Constantine |series = The Cambridge History of Christianity |chapter = Prelude: Jesus Christ, Foundation of Christianity |pages = 1–34 |publisher = Cambridge University Press |location = Cambridge, UK |year = 2006 |isbn=978-1-107-42361-9}} {{refend}}
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