Editing Castile and León (section)

===Secondary sector===
;Industry
[[File:Factoría de Renault en Valladolid. Junta de Castilla y León. 2018.jpg|thumb|right| [[Renault]] factory in Valladolid]]
[[File:(Aeroengines Ircio de Aciturri) Visita a Aciturri y Montefibre (Miranda de Ebro) 02.jpg|thumb|right|Aciturri Aeroengines plant in Miranda de Ebro]]
During 2000, the Castile and León industry occupied 18% of the active population and contributed 25% of GDP. The most developed industrial axis is that of [[Valladolid]]-[[Palencia]]-[[Burgos]]-[[Miranda de Ebro]]-[[Aranda de Duero]], where there is an important car industry, paper industry, aeronautics and chemistry, and is where most of the industrial activity of the Castilian-Leonese territory is concentrated. The food industry derived from the farm and livestock, with flour, sunflower oil and wines, among others is also important, especially in the [[Ribera del Duero (comarca)|Ribera del Duero]] comarca, especially in [[Aranda de Duero]].

The main industrial poles of the community are: [[Valladolid]] (21,054 workers dedicated to the sector), [[Burgos]] (20,217), [[Aranda de Duero]] (4,872), [[León, Spain|León]] (4,521), [[Ponferrada]] (4,270) and [[Ólvega]] (4,075).<ref>{{cite web |title=Fichas Municipales - 2008 DATOS ECONÓMICOS Y SOCIALES |url=http://www.cajaespana.es/pubweb/decyle.nsf |date=2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222182606/http://www.cajaespana.es/pubweb/decyle.nsf |archive-date=22 December 2009}}</ref>

Other industries are textiles in [[Béjar]], roof tiles and bricks in [[Palencia]], sugar in [[León, Spain|León]], [[Valladolid]], [[Toro, Zamora|Toro]], [[Miranda de Ebro]] and [[Benavente, Zamora|Benavente]], the pharmaceutical company in [[León, Spain|León]], [[Valladolid]] and mainly in [[Aranda de Duero]] with a factory of the [[GlaxoSmithKline]] group, the metallurgical and steel company in [[Ponferrada]] and the chemistry in [[Miranda de Ebro]] and [[Valladolid]], the aeronautics in [[Miranda de Ebro]] and [[Valladolid]]. In the remaining capitals there is a [[food industry]] derived from the agricultural and livestock exploitation, with flour, sunflower oil and wines, among others. This regional [[food industry|agro-food industry]] is flagged by [[Calidad Pascual]] based in [[Aranda de Duero]]. In the [[agricultural]] industry, within the production of [[fertilizer]]s, the [[Mirat]], founded in 1812 in [[Salamanca]], stands out.<ref>{{citation |title=Las 5000 mayores empresas |year=2009 |work=Castilla y León Económica |number=153}}</ref>

In [[Soria]] the [[logging|logging industry]] and furniture manufacturing is also relevant to the regional economy.

The president of the Castilian-Leonese employers' association is currently [[Ginés Clemente]], owner of the [[Aciturri Aeronáutica]], based in [[Miranda de Ebro]]. It is a leading international aeronautical group, with contracts with groups such as [[Boeing]] and [[Airbus]], which makes Castile and León a benchmark in the sector.

;Construction
The 16,34% of the companies in Castile and León belong to the auxiliary sector of [[construction]]. Among the largest companies in the sector, the following stand out: [[Grupo Pantersa]], [[Begar (corporation)|Begar]], [[Grupo MRS]], [[Isolux Corsán]], [[Llorente Corporation]], [[Volconsa]] and of auxiliary construction sector, [[Artepref]] of [[Gerardo de la Calle Group]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking 2009 de las 5.000 mayores empresas de Castilla y León - year <nowiki>=</nowiki> 2010 |url=http://www.castillayleoneconomica.es/ranking.html |date=2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100831105824/http://www.castillayleoneconomica.es/ranking.html |archive-date=31 August 2010}}</ref>

;Mining
[[File:Mina de pizarra a cielo abierto en la provincia de León. Junta de Castilla y León. 2000.jpg|thumb|Open-cast slate quarry in the province of León.]]
In Castile and León, the mining activity acquired great importance in the Roman times, when a road was drawn, the [[Vía de la Plata]], to transfer the gold extracted in the deposits of [[Las Médulas]], in the Leonese comarca of [[El Bierzo]], the route started from [[Asturica Augusta]] (Astorga) to [[Emerita Augusta]] (Mérida) and [[Hispalis]] (Seville).

Centuries later, after the [[Spanish Civil War]], mining was one of the factors that contributed to the economic development of the region. However, the production of iron, tin and tungsten decreased notably from the 1970s, while bituminous coal and anthracite mines were maintained thanks to the domestic demand for coal for thermal power plants. The economic reconversion that affected the [[Leonese mining basin]] and [[Palencia mining basin|Palencian mining basin]] during the 1980s and 1990s resulted in the closure of numerous mines, social impoverishment, with a sharp increase of unemployment and the beginning of a new migratory movement towards other Spanish regions. Despite the investments of the Mining Action Plan of the Junta de Castilla y León, traditional coal mining operations have entered into a severe crisis.

;Energy sources
[[File:Presa de Aldeadavila.jpg|thumb| [[Aldeadávila Dam]], which with 1,146 MW is the most powerful in the country.]]
Castile and León is a net producer of electric energy, with a generation/demand ratio in 2021 of 197% (27,016 GWh vs. 13,670 GWh).<ref>{{Cite web|first=José|last=Rodríguez Sojo|title=El mapa de la electricidad en España: ¿qué comunidades producen más energía y cuáles son las mayores consumidoras?|url=https://cadenaser.com/nacional/2022/08/05/el-mapa-de-la-electricidad-en-espana-que-comunidades-producen-mas-energia-y-cuales-son-las-mayores-consumidoras-cadena-ser/|website=[[Cadena SER]]|date=5 August 2022}}</ref>

In addition to the northern basin, in those of the Douro and Ebro rivers there are numerous hydroelectric plants that allow Castile and León to be one of the first autonomous communities producing electricity. Among others are those of Burguillo, Rioscuro, Las Ondinas, Cornatel, Bárcena, [[Aldeadávila Dam|Aldeadávila I and II]], [[Saucelle Dam|Saucelle I and II]], [[Castro Dam|Castro I and II]], [[Villalcampo Dam|Villalcampo I and II]], Valparaíso and [[Ricobayo Dam|Ricobayo I and II]].

The total installed hydraulic power amounts to 3,979 MW<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.energiasrenovables.ciemat.es/?pid=4000&id_seccion=8&tipo=noticias&id=1563 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222090915/http://www.energiasrenovables.ciemat.es/?pid=4000&id_seccion=8&tipo=noticias&id=1563 |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 December 2009 |title=La potencia instalada en energías renovables se multiplica por diez en los últimos ocho años |quote=The installed power in 2006 is distributed as follows: 3,979 megawatts in hydraulic, 2,707 in coal and 466 in nuclear}}</ref><ref name=ref_duplicated_1>{{citation |url=http://www.nortecastilla.es/v/20110108/economia/lluvia-megavatios-20110108.html |title=Lluvia de megavatios |work=El Norte de Castilla (newspaper) |year=2011 |quote=Hydraulic production exceeded 5,739 Gwh in the region. By installed power, Castile and León is the leading Spanish region, with a total of 3,979 megawatts (MW) of power, ahead of Galicia}}</ref> and annual production in 2010 was 5,739 GWH.<ref name=ref_duplicated_1 /> Only in the system [[Saltos del Duero]] there are more than 3000 MW installed. In this way, Castile and León is the first Spanish autonomous community in installed capacity and the second in production.<ref name=ref_duplicated_1/>

The nuclear power is 466 MW, having produced 3,579.85 GWh in 2009. The [[Santa María de Garoña Nuclear Power Plant|only nuclear plant]] in Castile and León on 1 August 2017, was definitively and irrevocably closed.
{{See also|Nuclear power in Spain}}

The coal thermal produces around 16,956 GWh per year at the following plants:

;Thermal power stations in Castile and León
{|class="wikitable"
!Name
!Location
!Province
!Owner
|-
| [[Thermal power station of Anllares]]|| [[Páramo del Sil]] || [[Province of León]] || [[Gas Natural|Gas Natural Fenosa]] and [[Endesa]]
|-
| [[Thermal power station of Compostilla II]]|| [[Cubillos del Sil]] || [[Province of León]] || [[Endesa]]
|-
| [[Thermal power station of La Robla]]|| [[La Robla]] || [[Province of León]] || [[Unión Fenosa]]
|-
| [[Velilla Power Plant]] || [[Velilla del Río Carrión]] || [[Province of Palencia]] || [[Iberdrola]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-12-23 |title=Iberdrola contrata con Izar mantenimiento central térmica Velilla |url=http://terranoticias.terra.es/articulo/html/av2233416.htm |access-date=2021-11-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091223094348/http://terranoticias.terra.es/articulo/html/av2233416.htm|archive-date=December 23, 2009}}</ref>
|}
{{See also|List of power stations in Spain}}

[[File:Aldeavieja02.jpg|thumb|Wind farm in the province of Ávila.]]
The region stands out for the importance of the production of [[renewable energy]]. Castile and León is the community that covers the largest proportion of its electricity demand through [[renewable energy|renewable energies]]: 82,9% in 2009.<ref name="RenewableSpain2008">{{Cite web |date=July 2009 |title=El sistema elécrtica español 08 |website= Red Eléctrica de España |url=http://www.ree.es/sistema_electrico/pdf/infosis/Inf_Sis_Elec_REE_2008_v2.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091213225408/http://www.ree.es/sistema_electrico/pdf/infosis/Inf_Sis_Elec_REE_2008_v2.pdf |access-date=30 June 2010|archive-date=2009-12-13 }}{{needs update| date=August 2024}}</ref> Traditional hydroelectric power It has been added with force since the late 1990s and 2000 [[wind power]], with more than 100 parks in operation and a production of 5,449 GWh in that same year. By provinces, it is at the top [[Eolic parks of Burgos|Burgos]] with 46, and a total of 3,128 MW of installed power.
{{See also|Renewable energy in Spain|Wind power in Spain|Solar power in Spain}}

Among the non-renewable energies is also the [[natural gas]] (194 MW of installed power) and fuel-diesel fuel (69 MW).

The provinces of Valladolid and Burgos are the most economically advanced regions, with a GDP per capita higher than the national average. Even so, the average GDP per capita of the community of Castile and León is slightly below than average, at 21,244 euros per inhabitant.