Editing 2001 (section)

===October===
* [[October 1]]
** [[Jaish-e-Mohammed]] militants [[2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing|attack]] the state legislature building in [[Srinagar]], Kashmir, killing 38 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dugger |first=Celia W. |date=2001-10-04 |title=Kashmir Mourns 38 Attack Victims |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/04/world/world-briefing-asia-india-kashmir-mourns-38-attack-victims.html |access-date=2022-11-20 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=November 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120061310/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/04/world/world-briefing-asia-india-kashmir-mourns-38-attack-victims.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[3G]] wireless technology first becomes available when it is [[3G adoption|adopted]] by Japanese telecommunications company [[NTT Docomo]].<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|page=182}}
[[File:131bf - Swissair Airbus A321-111; HB-IOE@ZRH;11.05.2001 (5588353622).jpg|thumb|Swissair Airbus A321-100 (2001)]]
* [[October 2]] – [[Swissair]], the&nbsp;national airline&nbsp;of Switzerland, seeks bankruptcy protection and grounds its entire fleet, stranding thousands of people worldwide.<ref name="Milner-2001">{{Cite web |last1=Milner |first1=Mark |last2=Harper |first2=Keith |last3=Clark |first3=Andrew |date=2001-10-03 |title=Financial crisis grounds Swissair fleet |url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2001/oct/03/theairlineindustry.internationalnews |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=The Guardian |language=en |archive-date=November 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120061313/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2001/oct/03/theairlineindustry.internationalnews |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 4]]
** [[Siberia Airlines Flight 1812]] is accidentally shot down by the [[Ukrainian Air Force]] over the Black Sea en route from [[Tel Aviv]], Israel, to [[Novosibirsk]], Russia; all 78 people on board are killed.<ref>{{cite web |title=MH17 crash: History of passenger planes shot down |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-28361223 |website=BBC News |access-date=20 May 2021 |date=2014-07-20 |archive-date=May 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520154738/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-28361223 |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[2001 Kodori crisis]]: Fighting escalates between Georgia and the breakaway state [[Abkhazia]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2001-10-08 |title=UN helicopter shot down in Georgia |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1586098.stm |access-date=2022-11-24 |archive-date=April 20, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420204439/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1586098.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 7]] – [[United States invasion of Afghanistan]]: In response to the September 11 attacks, Afghanistan is invaded by a [[Participants in Operation Enduring Freedom|US-led coalition]], beginning the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]].<ref name=":3" />{{Rp|page=41}}
* [[October 8]]
** [[2001 Linate Airport runway collision]]: A twin-engine [[Cessna]] and [[Scandinavian Airlines]] jetliner collide in heavy fog during takeoff from [[Milan]], Italy, killing 118 people.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Uj0jAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yewDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6610%2C3360451 |work=Deseret News |location=(Salt Lake City, Utah, US) |via=Associated Press |title=114 die when jet hits plane, then rams building in Milan |date=8 October 2001 |page=A2 |access-date=November 30, 2021 |archive-date=November 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130074949/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Uj0jAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yewDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6610,3360451 |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Hurricane Iris]] hits Belize, causing $250&nbsp;million (2001&nbsp;[[USD]]) in damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-09-10 |title=Powerful Hurricane Iris slams Belize |url=https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2001/10/09/powerful-hurricane-iris-slams-belize/ |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=Tampa Bay Times |language=en |archive-date=November 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120225128/https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2001/10/09/powerful-hurricane-iris-slams-belize/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 13]] – American scientists create the first successful [[Cloning|clone]] of a human [[embryo]].<ref name="Cibelli-2001">{{Cite web |date=2001-11-24 |title=The First Human Cloned Embryo |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-first-human-cloned-em/ |access-date=2022-11-23 |website=Scientific American |language=en |archive-date=November 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123230753/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-first-human-cloned-em/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 15]] – NASA's [[Galileo (spacecraft)|''Galileo'']] spacecraft passes within {{convert|181|km}} of [[Jupiter]]'s moon [[Io (moon)|Io]].<ref name="JPL-2001">{{Cite web |last= |date=2001-10-16 |title=Galileo Millennium Mission Status |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/galileo-millennium-mission-status-11 |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory |language=en-US |archive-date=November 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120061309/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/galileo-millennium-mission-status-11 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 16]] – American planes misidentify and bomb a [[Red Cross]] facility in Afghanistan. A similar error occurs again on October 27.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Becker |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Schmitt |first2=Eric |date=2001-10-27 |title=A Nation Challenged: The Bombing; U.S. Planes Bomb a Red Cross Site |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/27/nyregion/a-nation-challenged-the-bombing-us-planes-bomb-a-red-cross-site.html |access-date=2022-11-24 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=November 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124072719/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/27/nyregion/a-nation-challenged-the-bombing-us-planes-bomb-a-red-cross-site.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 17]] – [[Assassination of Rehavam Ze'evi]]: Israeli tourism minister [[Rehavam Ze'evi]] is assassinated by the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bennet |first1=James |date=16 October 2001 |title=Right-Wing Israeli Minister Is Killed |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/16/international/17WIRE-ISRA.html |access-date=November 20, 2022 |archive-date=February 18, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218003159/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/16/international/17WIRE-ISRA.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 23]]
** Apple Inc. introduces the [[iPod]], a [[portable media player]]&nbsp;and multi-purpose&nbsp;mobile device.<ref name="Apple-2001">{{Cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2001/10/23Apple-Presents-iPod/|title=Apple Presents iPod|publisher=[[Apple Inc.]]|access-date=February 18, 2019|date=October 23, 2001|archive-date=August 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804025431/https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2001/10/23Apple-Presents-iPod/|url-status=live}}</ref> The company will sell an estimated 450 million iPod products by May 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mickle |first=Tripp |date=2022-05-10 |title=Farewell to the iPod |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/10/technology/apple-ipod-phasing-out.html |access-date=2022-12-04 |archive-date=2022-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202214236/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/10/technology/apple-ipod-phasing-out.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
** The [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] begins disarmament, ending a decades-long conflict in [[Northern Ireland]].<ref name="auto11">{{Cite web |date=2001-10-23 |title=IRA begins disarming |url=https://www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/10/23/ira.announce/index.html |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=CNN |archive-date=November 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120061310/https://www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/10/23/ira.announce/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 24]] – The ''2001 Mars Odyssey'' arrives at Mars.<ref name="NASA Mars-2001" />
* [[October 25]]
** To avoid connotations with the [[Rwandan genocide]], the government of Rwanda adopts [[Flag of Rwanda|a new national flag]] for the country.<ref>{{cite news |last=Vesperini |first=Helen |date=31 December 2001 |title=Rwanda unveils new flag and anthem |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1735405.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031105035109/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1735405.stm |archive-date=5 November 2003}}</ref>
** Microsoft releases the [[Windows XP]] operating system to retail.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|page=175}}<ref name="auto8" />
* [[October 30]] – The [[Aarhus Convention]] takes effect, establishing the right to environmental information and [[environmental justice]] for European and Central Asian countries.<ref name="auto7"/>