Editing Space exploration (section)

=== Artemis program ===
{{main|Artemis program}}
The Artemis program is an ongoing [[List of human spaceflight programs|crewed spaceflight program]] carried out by [[NASA]], U.S. [[Private spaceflight|commercial spaceflight companies]], and international partners such as [[European Space Agency|ESA]],<ref name="Artemis home">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/specials/moontomars/index.html|title=NASA: Moon to Mars|website=NASA|access-date=19 May 2019|archive-date=5 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805055135/https://www.nasa.gov/specials/moontomars/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> with the goal of landing "the first woman and the next man" on the Moon, specifically at the [[lunar south pole]] region. Artemis would be the next step towards the long-term goal of establishing a sustainable presence on the Moon, laying the foundation for private companies to build a lunar economy, and eventually sending humans to [[Mars]].

In 2017, the lunar campaign was authorized by [[NASA#Space Policy Directive 1|Space Policy Directive 1]], using various ongoing spacecraft programs such as [[Orion (spacecraft)|Orion]], the [[Lunar Gateway]], [[Commercial Lunar Payload Services]], and adding an undeveloped crewed lander. The [[Space Launch System]] will serve as the primary launch vehicle for Orion, while commercial launch vehicles are planned for use to launch other elements of the campaign.<ref name="Verge May2019">[https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/17/18627839/nasa-administrator-jim-bridenstine-artemis-moon-program-budget-amendment NASA administrator on new Moon plan: 'We're doing this in a way that's never been done before']. Loren Grush, ''The Verge''. 17 May 2019.</ref> NASA requested $1.6 billion in additional funding for Artemis for fiscal year 2020,<ref name='Harwood CBS'>{{cite news |last=Harwood |first=William |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nasa-moon-mission-budget-administrator-jim-bridenstine/ |title=NASA boss pleads for steady moon mission funding |work=[[CBS News]] |date=17 July 2019 |access-date=28 August 2019}}</ref> while the U.S. Senate Appropriations Committee requested from NASA a five-year budget profile<ref>{{cite news|url=https://spacenews.com/senate-appropriators-advance-bill-funding-nasa-despite-uncertainties-about-artemis-costs/ |title=Senate appropriators advance bill funding NASA despite uncertainties about Artemis costs|first=Jeff |last=Foust |publisher=[[SpaceNews]] |date=27 September 2019|access-date=February 23, 2023}}</ref> which is needed for evaluation and approval by the U.S. [[United States Congress|Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/1618604/nasa-asks-for-1-6-billion-to-fund-artemis-moon-program/|title=Trump wants $1.6 billion for a moon mission and proposes to get it from college aid|last1=Fernholz|first1=Tim|website=Quartz|date=14 May 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/05/nasa-reveals-funding-needed-for-moon-program-says-it-will-be-named-artemis/|title=NASA reveals funding needed for Moon program, says it will be named Artemis|last=Berger|first=Eric|date=2019-05-14|website=Ars Technica|language=en-us|access-date=2019-05-22}}</ref> As of 2024, the first Artemis mission was launched in 2022 with the second mission, a crewed lunar flyby planned for 2025.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WODej84jxg |title=Success and Preparation |language=en |access-date=2024-05-14 |via=www.youtube.com}}</ref> Construction on the Lunar Gateway is underway with initial capabilities set for the 2025–2027 timeframe.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Zamora |first1=Briana R. |last2=NASA |date=2024-05-13 |title=Forward Progress on Gateway, Humanity's First Lunar Space Station |url=https://scitechdaily.com/forward-progress-on-gateway-humanitys-first-lunar-space-station/ |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=SciTechDaily |language=en-US}}</ref> The first CLPS lander landed in 2024, marking the first US spacecraft to land since [[Apollo 17]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=2024-02-22 |title=Intuitive Machines lands on the moon |url=https://spacenews.com/intuitive-machines-lands-on-the-moon/ |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US}}</ref>