Editing Rhodesia (section)

===Diplomatic relations===

After the UDI, Rhodesia maintained several overseas missions, including [[Pretoria]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Harry R. Strack|title=Sanctions: The Case of Rhodesia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZVt0AAAAMAAJ|year=1978|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-2161-4|page=52}}</ref> and until 1975, [[Lisbon]] in Portugal and Lourenço Marques (now [[Maputo]]) in [[Mozambique]].<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Z4tAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=76QMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4898%2C44571 Rhodesians to quit Lisbon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727020846/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Z4tAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=76QMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4898%2C44571 |date=27 July 2016 }}, ''[[Glasgow Herald]]'', 1 May 1975, page 4</ref>

Since 1961, Rhodesia had an "Accredited Diplomatic Representative" with [[South Africa]], heading a "Rhodesian Diplomatic Mission" or [[de facto embassy|''de facto'' embassy]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Report of the Secretary for Information, Immigration, and Tourism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lB4kAQAAIAAJ&q=+%22Rhodesian+Diplomatic+Mission%22|year=1964|publisher=Ministry of Information, Immigration, and Tourism}}</ref> Before South Africa left the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] that year, the then [[Southern Rhodesia]] had exchanged High Commissioners with the then [[Union of South Africa]], but following the change in status, the Republic now had a "South African Diplomatic Mission" in [[Harare|Salisbury]].<ref name="lloyd">{{cite book|author=Lorna Lloyd|title=Diplomacy with a Difference: the Commonwealth Office of High Commissioner, 1880–2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QeqwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA240|year=2007|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-474-2059-0|page=240}}</ref>

During 1965, the government of Rhodesia made moves to establish a [[Rhodesian mission in Lisbon|mission in Lisbon]] separate from the British Embassy, with its own accredited representative, having previously been able to establish its own consulate in Lourenço Marques, capital of [[Portuguese Mozambique]].<ref>[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/41731/supplement/3745/data.pdf John Arthur KINSEY, Esq., Consul-General for the Federation at Lourenco Marques] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315030058/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/41731/supplement/3745/data.pdf |date=15 March 2016 }}, [[London Gazette]], 5 June 1959</ref> This prompted protests from the British government, which was determined that the representative, Harry Reedman, should be a nominal member of the British Ambassador's staff.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fWxAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iKMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2768,3715462&hl=en Rhodesia's Man in Lisbon: Objective Said To Be Achieved] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307211051/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fWxAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iKMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2768,3715462&hl=en |date=7 March 2016 }}, ''[[The Glasgow Herald]]'', 22 September 1965. page 9</ref> For their part, the Portuguese authorities sought a compromise whereby they would accept Reedman as an independent representative but deny him diplomatic status.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Kent Fedorowich|author2=Martin Thomas|title=International Diplomacy and Colonial Retreat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ccm1AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA186|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-26866-4|page=186}}</ref>

The Rhodesian Information Office in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] remained open following UDI, but its director, [[Ken Towsey]], and his staff were deprived of their diplomatic status.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ncZaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=jmwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5989%2C2265141 Goldberg Back British Stand In U.N. Session] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308032508/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ncZaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=jmwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5989%2C2265141 |date=8 March 2016 }},''[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]'', 13 November 1965</ref> Previously, there had been a "Minister for Rhodesian Affairs" operating under the aegis of the [[British Embassy in Washington]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Deon Geldenhuys|title=Isolated States: A Comparative Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVmhhVHvTAMC&pg=PA62|year=1990|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-40268-2|page=62}}</ref> as well representatives in [[Tokyo]] and [[Bonn]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Vera Gowlland-Debbas|title=Collective Responses to Illegal Acts in International Law: United Nations Action in the Question of Southern Rhodesia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rTDvVo52tEAC&pg=PA61|year=1990|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|isbn=0-7923-0811-5|page=61}}</ref> Following the country's independence as [[Zimbabwe]], Towsey became chargé d'affaires at the new embassy.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/06/26/rhodesias-lobbyist-back-for-mugabe/1adf000e-80d9-40f2-9ec1-a2e720ab8278/ Rhodesia's Lobbyist Back for Mugabe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160206213207/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/06/26/rhodesias-lobbyist-back-for-mugabe/1adf000e-80d9-40f2-9ec1-a2e720ab8278/ |date=6 February 2016 }}, ''[[The Washington Post]]'', 26 June 1980</ref>

The High Commission in London, known as [[Rhodesia House]], continued to function until it was closed in 1969 following the decision by white Rhodesians in a [[Rhodesian constitutional referendum, 1969|referendum]] to make the country a republic, along with the "British Residual Mission" in [[Harare|Salisbury]].<ref>{{hansard|1969/jun/24/rhodesia |access-date=13 March 2016}}</ref> Prior to its closure, the mission flew the newly adopted [[Flag of Rhodesia]], considered illegal by the [[Foreign and Commonwealth Office|Foreign Office]], prompting calls by [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] MP [[Willie Hamilton]] for its removal.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eH9AAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zqMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2718%2C414685 M.P. CALLS FOR REMOVAL OF RHODESIAN FLAG IN STRAND] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308041235/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eH9AAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zqMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2718%2C414685 |date=8 March 2016 }}, ''[[The Glasgow Herald]]'', 4 January 1969, page 1</ref>
 
In Australia, the federal government sought to close the [[Rhodesia Information Centre]] in [[Sydney]],<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LsNUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=spADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6314%2C341488 Rhodesia Office Will Be Closed] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308034851/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LsNUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=spADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6314%2C341488 |date=8 March 2016 }}, ''[[The Age]]'', 3 April 1972</ref> but it remained open, operating under the jurisdiction of the state of [[New South Wales]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Paul Davey|title=The Nationals: The Progressive, Country, and National Party in New South Wales 1919–2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fpyw6Oncs5QC&pg=PA223|year=2006|publisher=Federation Press|isbn=978-1-86287-526-5|page=223}}</ref> In 1973, the [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] government of [[Gough Whitlam]] cut post and telephone links to the centre, but this was [[Bradley v Commonwealth|ruled illegal]] by the [[High Court of Australia|High Court]].<ref>[rathall+rhodesia++Minister+of+Finance+and+of+Posts+and+
Telecommunications&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=whitlam ''Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents, Volume 6''], Colin Legum, Africana Publishing Company, 1974</ref> An office was also established in [[Paris]], but this was closed down by the [[French government]] in 1977.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xr4gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=02kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3922%2C4107566 US Not Closing Rhodesian Office] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308084342/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xr4gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=02kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3922%2C4107566 |date=8 March 2016 }}, ''[[The Lewiston Daily Sun]]'', 27 August 1977, page 8</ref>

Similarly, the United States recalled its consul-general from Salisbury, and reduced consular staff,<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=apEhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=D5gFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2570%2C6764188 US To Restrict Sales To Rhodesia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308031551/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=apEhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=D5gFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2570%2C6764188 |date=8 March 2016 }}, ''[[Reading Eagle]]'', 12 December 1965</ref> but did not move to close its consulate until the declaration of a republic in 1970.<ref>{{cite book|author=Zaki Laïdi|title=The Superpowers and Africa: The Constraints of a Rivalry, 1960–1990|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wMPBk25aptwC&pg=PA55|year=1990|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-46782-5|page=55}}</ref> South Africa, however, retained its "Accredited Diplomatic Representative" after UDI,<ref name="google13"/> which allowed it to continue to recognise British sovereignty as well as to deal with the ''de facto'' authority of the government of [[Ian Smith]].<ref name="google257"/>

The South African Diplomatic Mission in Salisbury became the only such mission remaining in the country after 1975,<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas G. Mitchell|title=Native Vs. Settler: Ethnic Conflict in Israel/Palestine, Northern Ireland, and South Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3PNt46aB_sYC&pg=PA141|year=2000|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-31357-8|page=141}}</ref> when Portugal downgraded its mission to consul level,<ref>{{cite book|author=Harry R. Strack|title=Sanctions: The Case of Rhodesia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZVt0AAAAMAAJ|year=1978|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-2161-4|page=77}}</ref> having recalled its consul-general in Salisbury in May 1970.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2nIjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MWYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7488%2C4326539 Portugal Severs Key Link With Rhodesia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308032138/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2nIjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MWYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7488%2C4326539 |date=8 March 2016 }}, ''[[Sarasota Herald-Tribune]]'', 27 April 1970</ref> After Zimbabwe's independence, the new government closed its missions in [[Pretoria]] and [[Cape Town]], only maintaining a trade mission in [[Johannesburg]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Richard Schwartz|title=Coming To Terms: Zimbabwe in the International Arena|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_q5A-Ve8ogIC&pg=PA68|year=2001|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-86064-647-8|page=68}}</ref> while the South African Diplomatic Mission in Salisbury was also closed.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=uMRYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5IDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5283%2C3162778 Salisbury whites queue up to flee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307210015/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=uMRYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5IDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5283%2C3162778 |date=7 March 2016 }}, ''[[The Age]]'', 8 July 1980</ref>