Editing Phonics (section)

=== Poland ===

The national curriculum of [[Poland]] considers reading to be the main goal of primary education, defining it as the technical skill of "decoding graphemes into phonemes and understanding, using, and processing written texts" (i.e. phonics).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/pirls2016/encyclopedia/countries/poland/languagereading-curriculum-in-the-fourth-grade/|title=PIRLS 4th grade reading curriculum}}</ref> Instruction often consists of telling students how things should be done instead of letting them experiment for themselves and experience the results. According to researchers, teachers seldom use the internet and other digital technologies during reading instruction. Polish schools do not have trained reading specialists, however speech and educational therapists are available to assist students with special needs or learning disabilities. In 1998 a national campaign was introduced to encourage parents to read aloud to their children for 20 minutes every day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allofpolandreadstokids.org/all-of-poland-reads-to-kids#|title=All of Poland reads to kids}}</ref>

In 2014, 10.6% of 15-year-olds had underachievement in reading, lower than the EU average of 17.8%.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/education/tools/docs/2015/monitor15-vol-2_en.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/education/tools/docs/2015/monitor15-vol-2_en.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=European Commission Education and Training Monitor 2015}}</ref> Beginning in 2014, a program to provide free schoolbooks was introduced gradually across Poland. Students' socioeconomic background was a matter of concern in 2015, and six year-olds commenced compulsory schooling in that year.

According to the 2000 International Student Assessment ([[PISA]]) 15‑year‑old Polish students read significantly below the OECD average. However, with a renewed emphasis on reading, by 2018 Poland made the most progress in reading since 1994 and Poles ages 16 to 19 exceeded their European peers in reading (10th out of 72 countries in PISA).

Poland ranked 6th in the 2016 [[PIRLS]] 4th grade reading achievement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/pirls2016/international-results/pirls/student-achievement/pirls-achievement-results/|title=PIRLS student achievement 2016}}</ref>