Editing Pergamon (section)

===Water supply===
The inhabitants of Pergamon were supplied with water by an effective system. In addition to cisterns, there was a system of nine pipes (seven Hellenistic ceramic pipes and two open Roman channels. The system provided around 30,000–35,000 cubic metres of water per day.

The Madradağ aqueduct was a ceramic pipe with a diameter of 18&nbsp;cm which already brought water to the citadel from a source over 40 kilometres away in the Madradağ mountains at 1174 m above sea level in the Hellenistic period. Their significance for architectural history lies in the form of the last kilometres from the mountains through a {{convert|200|m|ft|adj=mid|-deep}} valley to the Akropolis. The pipe consisted of three channels, which ended 3&nbsp;km north of the citadel, before reaching the valley, and emptied into a pool, which included a double [[sedimentation tank]]. This pool was 35 metres higher than the summit of the citadel. The pipe from the pool to the Acropolis consisted of only a single channel – a lead pipe pressurised to 200 [[Centimetre of water|mH2O]]. The water was able to cross the valley between the pool and the citadel with the help of this pressurised conduit. It functioned as a [[communicating vessels|communicating vessel]], such that the water rose to the height of the citadel on its own as a result of the pressurised pipe.<ref>Boris Ilakovac, "Unbekannte Herstellungsmethode römischer Bleirohre." ''Vorträge der Tagung Wasser im Antiken Hellas in Athen, 4./5. Juni 1981''. Leichtweiss-Institut für Wasserbau, Braunschweig 1981, pp. 275–290 (''Leichtweiss-Institut für Wasserbau der Technischen Universität Braunschweig – Mitteilungen'' 71, {{ISSN|0343-1223}}).</ref>