Editing Penang (section)

=== Ethnicities ===
{{Bar box|title=Ethnic composition of Penang (2020)<ref name="Dept Statistics Malaysia-2022">{{Cite book |url=https://newss.statistics.gov.my/newss-portalx/ep/epFreeDownloadContentSearch.seam?contentId=166149&actionMethod=ep%2FepFreeDownloadContentSearch.xhtml%3AcontentAction.doDisplayContent&cid=178732 |title=Key Findings Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2020: Pulau Pinang |date=29 May 2022 |publisher=Department of Statistics (Malaysia) |isbn=978-967-253-516-4 |location=[[Putrajaya]] |pages=96 |language=ms, en |chapter=Population and Housing Statistics |url-access=registration }}</ref>|left1=Ethnicities / Nationality|right1=Percentage|float=right|bars={{Bar percent|[[Penangite Chinese|Chinese]]|Red|41.3}}{{Bar percent|[[Malays (ethnic group)|Malay]]|Green|40.7}}{{Bar percent|[[Orang Asal|Other Bumiputeras]]|Teal|0.5}}{{Bar percent|[[Malaysians of Indian descent in Penang|Indian]]|Orange|8.9}} {{Bar percent|Others|DarkGray|0.6}}{{Bar percent|Non-Malaysians|Purple|8.1}}}}
{{As of|2020}}, [[Penangite Chinese|ethnic Chinese]] and the [[Bumiputera (Malaysia)|''Bumiputeras'']], which include [[Malaysian Malays|Malays]] and [[Orang Asal|indigenous East Malaysians]], each constituted about 41% of Penang's population, while [[Malaysians of Indian descent in Penang|Indians]] made up nearly 9%.{{my10|2020kf}}<ref name="Borneo Post-2017">{{Cite news |date=28 May 2017 |title=Peninsula States Asked to Give East Malaysians Time Off for Festivals |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2017/05/28/peninsula-states-asked-to-give-east-malaysians-time-off-for-festivals/ |access-date=28 May 2017 |work=[[The Borneo Post]] }}</ref> The Chinese community in Penang includes the [[Peranakan Chinese]], a hybrid ethnicity known for their distinctive architecture, costumes and [[Peranakan cuisine|cuisine]]. The state is also home to a cosmopolitan mix of [[Kristang people|ethnic Eurasians]], [[Malaysian Siamese|Siamese]] and [[Arab Malaysians|Arabs]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Filmer |first=Andrea |date=22 August 2023 |title=Penang Exhibition Offers a Photographic Exploration of Serani Identity |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/lifestyle/culture/2023/08/22/penang-exhibition-offers-a-photographic-exploration-of-serani-identity |access-date=21 December 2023 |work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson Lee |first=Chong Fatt |date=November 2018 |title=Siamese Ties in Need of Preservation |url=https://penangmonthly.com/article/15338/siamese-ties-in-need-of-preservation-1 |access-date=21 December 2023 |website=Penang Monthly |language=en }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=K. Mandal |first=Sumit |title=Becoming Arab: Creole Histories and Modern Identity in the Malay World |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2018 |isbn=9781107196797 |page=112}}</ref>

Foreigners comprised 8% of Penang's population in 2020.<ref name="Dept Statistics Malaysia-2022" /> Over 38% of Penang's expatriates resided within [[Central George Town, Penang|downtown George Town]], [[Paya Terubong]] and [[Bayan Lepas]].<ref name="Dept Statistics Malaysia-2024">{{Cite journal |date=February 2024 |title=MyCensus 2020: Mukim/Town/Pekan |journal=[[Department of Statistics Malaysia]] |pages=174–175 |isbn=978-967-253-706-9 }}</ref> George Town's affordable living costs, natural destinations, health care infrastructure, an established ecosystem of [[Multinational corporation|multinational companies]] (MNCs) and the widespread use of English have been cited as pull factors for expatriates.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Saieed |first=Zunaira |date=18 March 2023 |title=Penang's Easy Living is Big Draw for Expats Looking to Retire |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/penang-s-easy-living-is-big-draw-for-expats-looking-to-retire |access-date=21 December 2023 |work=[[The Straits Times]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beh |first=May Ting |date=19 October 2023 |title=Imagine an Education Hub: Leveraging Penang's International School Ecosystem |url=https://penanginstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Education-Hub.pdf |journal=Penang Institute }}</ref>