Editing New Orleans (section)

==Economy==
[[File:Tanker IVER SPRING on Mississippi River in New Orleans.jpeg|thumb|right|A [[tank ship|tanker]] on the Mississippi River in New Orleans]]
[[File:Intracoastal Waterway Louisiana.jpg|thumb|[[Intracoastal Waterway]] near New Orleans]]
New Orleans operates [[Port of New Orleans|one of the world's largest and busiest ports]] and metropolitan New Orleans is a center of maritime industry.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ports of South Louisiana, New Orleans & Plaquemines Ranked #1, #4 & #11 in America {{!}} Greater New Orleans, Inc. |url=https://gnoinc.org/news/awards-rankings/ports-of-south-louisiana-new-orleans-plaquemines-ranked-1-4-11-in-america/ |access-date=2020-10-28 |website=gnoinc.org |date=July 11, 2018 |archive-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031102953/https://gnoinc.org/news/awards-rankings/ports-of-south-louisiana-new-orleans-plaquemines-ranked-1-4-11-in-america/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The region accounts for a significant portion of the nation's [[oil refinery|oil refining]] and [[Petrochemical|petrochemical production]], and serves as a [[white-collar worker|white-collar]] corporate base for onshore and offshore [[extraction of petroleum|petroleum]] and [[natural gas]] production. Since the beginning of the 21st century, New Orleans has also grown into a technology hub.<ref>{{Cite news |title=A Wary New Orleans Braces for a New Tech Boom |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-10/new-orleans-tries-to-build-a-better-tech-boom |access-date=2021-07-31 |newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=May 10, 2021 |archive-date=November 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129091706/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-10/new-orleans-tries-to-build-a-better-tech-boom |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New Orleans remaking itself into tech hub: report |url=https://www.nola.com/news/business/article_c35eebf9-910f-5ab4-b7b7-359222d800b0.html |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=NOLA.com |date=November 22, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=July 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731130233/https://www.nola.com/news/business/article_c35eebf9-910f-5ab4-b7b7-359222d800b0.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

New Orleans is also a center for [[higher learning]], with over 50,000 students enrolled in the region's eleven two- and four-year degree-granting institutions. [[Tulane University]], a top-50 research university, is located in Uptown. Metropolitan New Orleans is a major regional hub for the [[health care industry]] and boasts a small, globally competitive manufacturing sector. The center city possesses a rapidly growing, entrepreneurial [[creative industries]] sector and is renowned for its [[cultural tourism]]. Greater New Orleans, Inc. (GNO, Inc.)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gnoinc.org/ |title=Greater New Orleans, Inc. &#124; Regional Economic Alliance |publisher=Gnoinc.org |access-date=March 26, 2013 |archive-date=April 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406100523/http://gnoinc.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> acts as the first point-of-contact for regional economic development, coordinating between Louisiana's Department of Economic Development and the various business development agencies.

===Port===
New Orleans began as a strategically located trading ''[[entrepôt]]'' and it remains, above all, a crucial transportation hub and distribution center for waterborne commerce. The [[Port of New Orleans]] is the fifth-largest in the United States based on cargo volume, and second-largest in the state after the [[Port of South Louisiana]]. It is the twelfth-largest in the U.S. based on cargo value. The Port of South Louisiana, also located in the New Orleans area, is the world's busiest in terms of bulk tonnage. When combined with Port of New Orleans, it forms the 4th-largest port system in volume. Many shipbuilding, shipping, logistics, freight forwarding and commodity brokerage firms either are based in metropolitan New Orleans or maintain a local presence. Examples include [[Intermarine]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=INTERMARINE- Ocean Carrier – Built on Performance |url=https://www.intermarine.com/ |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=Intermarine |language=en-US |archive-date=July 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731130236/https://www.intermarine.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Bisso Towboat,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bisso Towboat |url=http://www.bissotowing.com/ |access-date=2021-07-31 |archive-date=July 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727134357/https://www.bissotowing.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Northrop Grumman Ship Systems]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Northrop Grumman Gulf Coast Shipyards Return to Work |url=https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-gulf-coast-shipyards-return-to-work |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=Northrop Grumman Newsroom |language=en |archive-date=July 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731130234/https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-gulf-coast-shipyards-return-to-work |url-status=live }}</ref> Trinity Yachts, [[Expeditors International]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=StackPath |url=https://www.expeditors.com/locations |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=www.expeditors.com |archive-date=July 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731130235/https://www.expeditors.com/locations |url-status=live }}</ref> Bollinger Shipyards, IMTT, International Coffee Corp, Boasso America, Transoceanic Shipping, Transportation Consultants Inc., Dupuy Storage & Forwarding and Silocaf.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Silocaf USA LLC |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/0918882D:US |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=Bloomberg |archive-date=August 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830221237/https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/0918882D:US |url-status=live }}</ref> The largest coffee-roasting plant in the world, operated by [[Folgers]], is located in [[Eastern New Orleans|New Orleans East]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Where We Roast – Folger Coffee Company {{!}} Folgers Coffee |url=https://www.folgerscoffee.com/our-story/where-we-roast |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=www.folgerscoffee.com |language=en |archive-date=August 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801110020/https://www.folgerscoffee.com/our-story/where-we-roast |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Crescent City Coffee Connection: History and Heritage Imbues Each Cup |url=http://www.frenchquarter.com/crescent-city-coffee-connection/ |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=FrenchQuarter.com |language=en-US |archive-date=July 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731130235/http://www.frenchquarter.com/crescent-city-coffee-connection/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Boats on the Mississippi (2965404740).jpg|alt=|thumb|The steamboat [[Natchez (boat)|''Natchez'']] operates out of New Orleans.]]

New Orleans is located near to the [[Gulf of Mexico]] and its many oil rigs. Louisiana ranks fifth among states in oil production and eighth in [[oil reserves|reserves]]. It has two of the four [[Strategic Petroleum Reserve (United States)|Strategic Petroleum Reserve]] (SPR) storage facilities: West Hackberry in [[Cameron Parish, Louisiana|Cameron Parish]] and Bayou Choctaw in [[Iberville Parish, Louisiana|Iberville Parish]]. The area hosts 17 petroleum refineries, with a combined crude oil distillation capacity of nearly {{convert|2.8|Moilbbl/d|m3/d}}, the second highest after Texas. Louisiana's numerous ports include the [[Louisiana Offshore Oil Port]] (LOOP), which is capable of receiving the largest oil tankers. Given the quantity of oil imports, Louisiana is home to many major pipelines: [[Petroleum|Crude Oil]] ([[Exxon]], [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]], [[BP]], [[Texaco]], [[Shell Oil Company|Shell]], Scurloch-Permian, Mid-Valley, Calumet, [[Conoco Inc.|Conoco]], [[Koch Industries]], [[Unocal Corporation|Unocal]], [[United States Department of Energy|U.S. Dept. of Energy]], Locap); Product ([[TEPPCO Partners]], Colonial, Plantation, Explorer, Texaco, Collins); and [[Liquefied petroleum gas|Liquefied Petroleum Gas]] (Dixie, TEPPCO, Black Lake, Koch, Chevron, [[Dynegy]], [[Kinder Morgan Energy Partners]], [[Dow Chemical Company]], Bridgeline, FMP, Tejas, Texaco, UTP).<ref>[http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=LA Louisiana Quick Facts.] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110206050811/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=LA |date=February 6, 2011 }} U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Retrieved November 12, 2007.</ref> Several energy companies have regional headquarters in the area, including [[Shell plc]], [[Eni]] and Chevron. Other energy producers and [[Oilfield services|oilfield services companies]] are headquartered in the city or region, and the sector supports a large professional services base of specialized engineering and design firms, as well as a term office for the federal government's [[Minerals Management Service]].

===Business===
The city is the home to a single [[Fortune 500]] company: [[Entergy]], a power generation utility and [[nuclear power plant]] operations specialist.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fortune 500 2011: States: Louisiana Companies - FORTUNE on CNNMoney.com |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2011/states/LA.html |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=money.cnn.com |archive-date=July 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731123655/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2011/states/LA.html |url-status=live }}</ref> After Katrina, the city lost its other Fortune 500 company, [[Freeport-McMoRan]], when it merged its copper and gold exploration unit with an Arizona company and relocated that division to [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]]. Its McMoRan Exploration affiliate remains headquartered in New Orleans.<ref>{{Cite web |title=McMoRan Exploration shareholders approve plan to merge with Freeport-McMoran |url=https://www.nola.com/news/business/article_c14b2d5b-9e5b-56b5-bd29-579b2bc405bb.html |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=NOLA.com |date=June 4, 2013 |language=en |archive-date=December 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207204329/https://www.nola.com/news/business/article_c14b2d5b-9e5b-56b5-bd29-579b2bc405bb.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Companies with significant operations or headquarters in New Orleans include: Pan American Life Insurance, Pool Corp, [[Rolls-Royce plc|Rolls-Royce]], Newpark Resources, [[AT&T Inc.|AT&T]], TurboSquid, iSeatz, [[IBM]], Navtech, [[Superior Energy Services]], [[Textron Marine & Land Systems]], [[McDermott International]], Pellerin Milnor, [[Lockheed Martin]], Imperial Trading, Laitram, [[Harrah's Entertainment]], Stewart Enterprises, [[Edison Chouest Offshore]], [[Zatarain's]], Waldemar S. Nelson & Co., [[Whitney National Bank]], [[Capital One]], [[Tidewater (marine services)|Tidewater Marine]], [[Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits]], [[Parsons Brinckerhoff]], [[MWH Global]], [[CH2M Hill]], Energy Partners Ltd, The Receivables Exchange, [[GE Capital]], and [[Smoothie King]].

Entrepreneurship is encouraged, with a number of initiatives designed to support small business and start-ups, including [[Entrepreneurs' Row]] and the New Orleans Startup Fund.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gnoinc.org/business-climate/initiatives/startup-fund|title=New Orleans Startup Fund|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121014425/https://gnoinc.org/business-climate/initiatives/startup-fund/|archive-date=2021-01-21}}</ref>

===Tourist and convention business===
Tourism is a staple of the city's economy. Perhaps more visible than any other sector, New Orleans' tourist and convention industry is a $5.5 billion industry that accounts for 40 percent of city tax revenues. In 2004, the hospitality industry employed 85,000 people, making it the city's top economic sector as measured by employment.<ref name="0607marketing"/> New Orleans also hosts the World Cultural Economic Forum (WCEF). The forum, held annually at the [[New Orleans Morial Convention Center]], is directed toward promoting cultural and economic development opportunities through the strategic convening of cultural ambassadors and leaders from around the world. The first WCEF took place in October 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wcefculture.com |title=World Cultural Economic Forumn |access-date=July 15, 2008 |archive-date=March 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314073218/http://wcefculture.com/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Federal and military agencies===
[[File:Aerial View of NASA's Rocket Factory.png|thumb|Aerial view of NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility]]
Federal agencies and the Armed forces operate significant facilities there. The [[United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit|U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals]] operates at the US. Courthouse downtown. [[NASA]]'s [[Michoud Assembly Facility]] is located in [[Eastern New Orleans|New Orleans East]] and has multiple tenants including [[Lockheed Martin]] and [[Boeing]]. It is a huge manufacturing complex that produced the external fuel tanks for the [[Space Shuttle]]s, the [[Saturn V]] first stage, the [[Integrated Truss Structure]] of the [[International Space Station]], and is now used for the construction of NASA's [[Space Launch System]]. The rocket factory lies within the enormous New Orleans Regional Business Park, also home to the [[National Finance Center]], operated by the [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA), and the Crescent Crown distribution center. Other large governmental installations include the U.S. Navy's [[Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command|Space and Naval Warfare (SPAWAR) Systems Command]], located within the University of New Orleans Research and Technology Park in [[Gentilly, New Orleans|Gentilly]], [[Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base New Orleans]]; and the headquarters for the Marine Force Reserves in Federal City in [[Algiers, New Orleans|Algiers]].