Editing Meat (section)

=== Infectious diseases ===

Meat production and trade substantially increase risks for infectious diseases ([[zoonosis]]), including [[pandemic prevention|of pandemics]], whether though contact with wild and farmed animals, or via husbandry's environmental impact.<ref name="10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109341">{{cite journal |last1=González |first1=Neus |last2=Marquès |first2=Montse |last3=Nadal |first3=Martí |last4=Domingo |first4=José L. |title=Meat consumption: Which are the current global risks? A review of recent (2010–2020) evidences |journal=Food Research International |date=November 1, 2020 |volume=137 |pages=109341 |doi=10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109341 |pmid=33233049 |pmc=7256495 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Greger |first1=Michael |title=Primary Pandemic Prevention |journal=American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine |date=September 2021 |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=498–505 |doi=10.1177/15598276211008134 |pmid=34646097 |pmc=8504329}}</ref> For example, [[avian influenza]] from poultry meat production is a threat to human health.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sutton |first1=Troy C. |title=The Pandemic Threat of Emerging H5 and H7 Avian Influenza Viruses |journal=Viruses |date=September 2018 |volume=10 |issue=9 |pages=461 |doi=10.3390/v10090461 |pmid=30154345 |pmc=6164301 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Furthermore, the use of antibiotics in meat production contributes to [[antimicrobial resistance]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Monger |first1=Xavier C. |last2=Gilbert |first2=Alex-An |last3=Saucier |first3=Linda |last4=Vincent |first4=Antony T. |title=Antibiotic Resistance: From Pig to Meat |journal=Antibiotics |date=October 2021 |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages=1209 |doi=10.3390/antibiotics10101209 |pmid=34680790 |pmc=8532907 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Clifford |first1=Katie |last2=Desai |first2=Darash |last3=Prazeres da Costa |first3=Clarissa |last4=Meyer |first4=Hannelore |last5=Klohe |first5=Katharina |last6=Winkler |first6=Andrea |last7=Rahman |first7=Tanvir |last8=Islam |first8=Taohidul |last9=Zaman |first9=Muhammad H |title=Antimicrobial resistance in livestock and poor quality veterinary medicines |journal=[[Bulletin of the World Health Organization]] |date=September 1, 2018 |volume=96 |issue=9 |pages=662–664 |doi=10.2471/BLT.18.209585 |pmid=30262949 |pmc=6154060 }}</ref> – which contributes to millions of deaths<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=Christopher JL |last2=Ikuta |first2=Kevin Shunji |last3=Sharara |first3=Fablina |last4=Swetschinski |first4=Lucien |last5=Aguilar |first5=Gisela Robles |last6=Gray |first6=Authia |last7=Han |first7=Chieh |last8=Bisignano |first8=Catherine |last9=Rao |first9=Puja |last10=Wool |first10=Eve |last11=Johnson |first11=Sarah C. |display-authors=6 |date=January 19, 2022 |title=Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis |journal=[[The Lancet]] |volume=399 |issue=10325 |pages=629–655 glish |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02724-0 |pmid=35065702 |pmc=8841637 |s2cid=246077406}}</ref> – and makes it harder to control infectious diseases.<!--<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Greger |first1=Michael |date=September 2021 |title=Primary Pandemic Prevention |journal=American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=498–505 |doi=10.1177/15598276211008134 |pmc=8504329 |pmid=34646097 |s2cid=235503730}}</ref>--><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Walker |first1=Polly |last2=Rhubart-Berg |first2=Pamela |last3=McKenzie |first3=Shawn |last4=Kelling |first4=Kristin |last5=Lawrence |first5=Robert S. |date=June 2005 |title=Public health implications of meat production and consumption |journal=Public Health Nutrition |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=348–356 |doi=10.1079/PHN2005727 |pmid=15975179 |s2cid=59196 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hafez |first1=Hafez M. |last2=Attia |first2=Youssef A. |date=2020 |title=Challenges to the Poultry Industry: Current Perspectives and Strategic Future After the COVID-19 Outbreak |journal=[[Frontiers in Veterinary Science]] |volume=7 |page=516 |doi=10.3389/fvets.2020.00516 |pmc=7479178 |pmid=33005639 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mehdi |first1=Youcef |last2=Létourneau-Montminy |first2=Marie-Pierre |last3=Gaucher |first3=Marie-Lou |last4=Chorfi |first4=Younes |last5=Suresh |first5=Gayatri |last6=Rouissi |first6=Tarek |last7=Brar |first7=Satinder Kaur |last8=Côté |first8=Caroline |last9=Ramirez |first9=Antonio Avalos |last10=Godbout |first10=Stéphane |display-authors=6 |date=June 1, 2018 |title=Use of antibiotics in broiler production: Global impacts and alternatives |journal=Animal Nutrition |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=170–178 |doi=10.1016/j.aninu.2018.03.002 |pmc=6103476 |pmid=30140756}}</ref>