Editing Ion thruster (section)

===== Deep Space 1 =====
[[NASA]] developed the [[NASA Solar Technology Application Readiness|NSTAR]] ion engine for use in interplanetary science missions beginning in the late 1990s. It was space-tested in the space probe ''[[Deep Space 1]]'', launched in 1998. This was the first use of electric propulsion as the interplanetary propulsion system on a science mission.<ref name="Sovey"/> Based on the NASA design criteria, [[HRL Laboratories|Hughes Research Labs]] developed the [[Gridded ion thruster|Xenon Ion Propulsion System]] (XIPS) for performing [[orbital station-keeping|station keeping]] on [[geosynchronous satellite]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Rawlin |first=V. K. |author2=Patterson |first2=M. J/ |author3=Gruber |first3=R. P. |date=1990 |title=Xenon Ion Propulsion for Orbit Transfer |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19910002485/downloads/19910002485.pdf |url-status=live |journal=NASA Technical Memorandum 103193 |issue=AIAA-90-2527 |page=5 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19910002485/downloads/19910002485.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |access-date=25 January 2022}}</ref> [[L3Harris Electron Devices|Hughes (EDD)]] manufactured the NSTAR thruster used on the spacecraft.