Editing Gender (section)

=== Social media ===
Forbes published an article in 2010 that reported 57% of Facebook users are women, which was attributed to the fact that women are more active on social media. On average, women have 8% more friends and account for 62% of posts that are shared via Facebook.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gourdreau |first1=Jenna |date=26 April 2010 |title=What men and women are doing on Facebook |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/2010/04/26/popular-social-networking-sites-forbes-woman-time-facebook-twitter.html |access-date=12 April 2016 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408065455/https://www.forbes.com/2010/04/26/popular-social-networking-sites-forbes-woman-time-facebook-twitter.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Another study in 2010 found that in most Western cultures, women spend more time sending text messages compared to men as well as spending more time on social networking sites as a way to communicate with friends and family.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Tufekci |first1=Zeynep |title=Gender, social capital and social network(ing) sites: Women bonding, men searching |publisher=American Sociological Association |url=https://research.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/2/4/2/6/9/p242696_index.html |access-date=14 April 2016 |date=2008-07-31 |archive-date=3 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303090408/https://research.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/2/4/2/6/9/p242696_index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Research conducted in 2013 found that over 57% of pictures posted on social networking sites were sexual and were created to gain attention.<ref name="auto">{{cite journal|last2=Araüna-Baró|first2=Núria|last3=Martínez-Martínez|first3=Inmaculada José|date=1 June 2013|title=Advertising Stereotypes and Gender Representation in Social Networking Sites|journal=Comunicar|volume=21|issue=41|pages=177–186|doi=10.3916/C41-2013-17|last1=Tortajada-Giménez|first1=Iolanda|doi-access=free|hdl=10272/7056|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Moreover, 58% of women and 45% of men do not look into the camera, which creates an illusion of withdrawal.<ref name="auto"/> Other factors to be considered are the poses in pictures such as women lying down in subordinate positions or even touching themselves in childlike ways.<ref name="auto"/>

Adolescent girls generally use social networking sites as a tool to communicate with peers and reinforce existing relationships; boys on the other hand tend to use social networking sites as a tool to meet new friends and acquaintances.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Older adolescents' motivations for social network site use: The influence of gender, group identity, and collective self-esteem|edition=2|pages=209–213|last1=Barker|first1=V|journal=Cyberpsychology & Behavior |year=2009|volume=12|issue=2|doi=10.1089/cpb.2008.0228|pmid=19250021|s2cid=5446136}}</ref> Furthermore, social networking sites have allowed individuals to truly express themselves, as they are able to create an identity and socialize with other individuals that can relate.<ref name="auto1">{{cite journal|last1=de Ridder|first1=Sander|last2=van Bauwel|first2=Sofie|title=Youth and intimate media cultures: Gender, sexuality, relationships, and desire as storytelling practices in social networking sites|journal=Communications|date=1 January 2015|volume=40|issue=3|doi=10.1515/commun-2015-0012|url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/5889652/file/7011376.pdf|hdl=1854/LU-5889652|s2cid=199487985|hdl-access=free|access-date=20 April 2018|archive-date=21 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180421094429/https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/5889652/file/7011376.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Social networking sites have also given individuals access to create a space where they feel more comfortable about their sexuality.<ref name="auto1"/> Recent research has indicated that social media is becoming a stronger part of younger individuals' media culture, as more intimate stories are being told via social media and are being intertwined with gender, sexuality, and relationships.<ref name="auto1"/>

Research has found that almost all U.S. teens (95%) aged 12 through 17 are online, compared to only 78% of adults. Of these teens, 80% have profiles on social media sites, as compared to only 64% of the online population aged 30 and older. According to a study conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation, 11-to-18-year-olds spend on average over one and a half hours a day using a computer and 27 minutes per day visiting social network sites, i.e. the latter accounts for about one fourth of their daily computer use.<ref name="auto2">{{cite book|last1=Herring|first1=Susan|author-link1=Susan Herring|last2=Kapidzic|first2=Sanja|title=Teens, Gender, and Self-Presentation in Social Media|date=2015|publisher=International encyclopedia of social and behavioral sciences|edition=2}}</ref>

Studies have shown that female users tend to post more "cute" pictures, while male participants were more likely to post pictures of themselves in activities. Women in the U.S. also tend to post more pictures of friends, while men tend to post more about sports and humorous links. The study also found that males would post more alcohol and sexual references.<ref name="auto2"/> The roles were reversed however, when looking at a teenage dating site: women made sexual references significantly more often than males. Boys share more personal information, while girls are more conservative about the personal information they post. Boys, meanwhile, are more likely to orient towards technology, sports, and humor in the information they post to their profile.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Malin|first1=Sveningsson Elm|title=Doing and undoing gender in a Swedish Internet community|url=https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-18434|access-date=14 April 2016|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Cambridge|archive-date=17 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217115854/https://kau.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A592066&dswid=1543|url-status=live}}</ref>

Research in the 1990s suggested that different genders display certain traits, such as being active, attractive, dependent, dominant, independent, sentimental, sexy, and submissive, in online interaction.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Gauntlett|first1=D|title=Media, Gender and Identity: An Introduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ScR9AgAAQBAJ&q=gender%2Band%2Bsocial%2Bmedia&pg=PP1|access-date=14 April 2016|isbn=978-1-134-15502-6|date=2008|publisher=Routledge|archive-date=11 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411170255/https://books.google.com/books?id=ScR9AgAAQBAJ&q=gender%2Band%2Bsocial%2Bmedia&pg=PP1|url-status=live}}</ref> Even though these traits continue to be displayed through gender stereotypes, recent studies show that this is not necessarily the case any more.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Herring|first1=Susan C.|author-link1=Susan Herring|first2=Sanja |last2=Kapidzic |title=Teens, Gender, and Self-Presentation in Social Media. Sciences|url=https://info.ils.indiana.edu/~herring/teens.gender.pdf|publisher=Oxford|access-date=14 April 2016|archive-date=17 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217144705/https://info.ils.indiana.edu/~herring/teens.gender.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>