Editing Fecal incontinence (section)

== Society and culture ==

Persons with this symptom are frequently ridiculed and ostracized in public. It has been described as one of the most psychologically and socially debilitating conditions in an otherwise healthy individual. In older people, it is one of the most common reasons for admission into a care home. Persons who develop FI earlier in life are less likely to marry and obtain employment. Often, people will go to great lengths to keep their condition secret. It has been termed "the silent affliction" since many do not discuss the problem with their close family, employers, or clinicians. They may be subject to gossip, hostility, and other forms of social exclusion.<ref>{{cite web| vauthors = Norton NJ |title=Barriers on Diagnosis and Treatment; Impact of Fecal and Urinary Incontinence on Health Consumers – Barriers on Diagnosis and Treatment – A Patient Perspective|url=http://www.aboutincontinence.org/site/about-incontinence/daily-living-with-incontinence/barriers-on-diagnosis-and-treatment|publisher=International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (IFFGD)|access-date=1 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| vauthors = Ranganath S, Ferzandi TR |title=Fecal Incontinence|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-overview#a0199|publisher=WebMD LLC|access-date=1 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bliss DZ, Norton C | title = Conservative management of fecal incontinence | journal = The American Journal of Nursing | volume = 110 | issue = 9 | pages = 30–8; quiz 39–40 | date = September 2010 | pmid = 20736708 | doi = 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000388262.72298.f5 | s2cid = 205400969 }}</ref> The economic cost has not received much attention.

Fecal incontinence while passing gas is known colloquially as a "shart" (a portmanteau of "shit" and "fart").<ref>{{cite web| vauthors =  Mutchler, Cristina |title=What Causes a Shart?|url=https://www.health.com/shart-8715734|publisher=Dotdash Meredith|access-date=17 March 2025}}</ref>

=== Netherlands ===

In the Netherlands, a 2004 study estimated that total costs of patients with fecal incontinence were €2169 per patient per year. Over half of this was productivity loss in work.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deutekom |first1=Marije |last2=Dobben |first2=Annette C. |last3=Dijkgraaf |first3=Marcel G. W. |last4=Terra |first4=Maaike P. |last5=Stoker |first5=Jaap |last6=Bossuyt |first6=Patrick M. M. |date=2004 |title=Costs of outpatients with fecal incontinence |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00365520510012172 |journal=Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology |language=en |volume=40 |issue=5 |pages=552–558 |doi=10.1080/00365520510012172 |pmid=16036507 |s2cid=753921 |issn=0036-5521}}</ref>

=== United States ===

In the US, the average lifetime cost (treatment and follow-up) was $17,166 per person in 1996. The average hospital charge for sphincteroplasty was $8555 per procedure. Overall, in the US, the total charges associated with surgery increased from $34 million in 1998 to $57.5 million in 2003. [[Sacral nerve]] stimulation, dynamic [[Gracilis muscle|graciloplasty]], and [[colostomy]] were all shown to be cost-effective.<ref>{{cite book| veditors = Abrams P |display-editors=etal |title=Incontinence : 4th International Consultation on Incontinence, Paris, July 5-8, 2008|year=2009|publisher=Health Publications|location=[Paris]|isbn=978-0-9546956-8-2|page=1685|edition=4th|chapter=Economics of urinary and faecal incontinence, and prolapse}}</ref>

=== Japan ===

Some insults in Japan relate to incontinence, such as {{lang|ja|kusotare}} or {{nihongo3|{{gloss|shit hanger}}, {{gloss|leaker}} or {{gloss|oozer}}||kusottare}} and {{nihongo3|{{gloss|piss leaker}} or {{gloss|oozer}}||shikkotare}}, though these have not been in common use since the 1980s.<ref>{{cite web| vauthors = Wilson S |title=W.T.F. Japan: Top 5 most offensive Japanese swear words 【Weird Top Five】|url=http://en.rocketnews24.com/2016/09/22/w-t-f-japan-top-5-most-offensive-japanese-swear-words-%E3%80%90weird-top-five%E3%80%91/|website=SoraNews24|access-date=12 May 2017|date=2016-09-22}}</ref>

=== Law ===

The case ''Hiltibran et al v. Levy et al'' in the [[United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri]] resulted in that court issuing an order in 2011. That order requires [[adult diaper|incontinence briefs]] funded by [[Medicaid]] to be given by the State of Missouri to adults who would be institutionalized without them.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.olmsteadrights.org/advocacytools/recent-cases/|title=Recent Cases - Olmstead Rights|website=www.olmsteadrights.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USCOURTS-mowd-2_10-cv-04185/summary|title=govinfo|website=www.govinfo.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USCOURTS-mowd-2_10-cv-04185/context|title=govinfo|website=www.govinfo.gov}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=February 2025}}