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===Relation to grasslands === The expansion of [[grassland]] [[biome]]s and the [[evolutionary radiation]] of [[grass]]es during the [[Miocene]] is believed to have increased the flux of soluble silicon to the oceans, and it has been argued that this promoted the diatoms during the Cenozoic era.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.1095964 |pmid=15256663 |title=The Evolution of Modern Eukaryotic Phytoplankton |journal=Science |volume=305 |issue=5682 |pages=354β60 |year=2004 |last1=Falkowski |first1=P. G. |last2=Katz |first2=Miriam E. |last3=Knoll |first3=Andrew H. |last4=Quigg |first4=Antonietta |last5=Raven |first5=John A. |last6=Schofield |first6=Oscar |last7=Taylor |first7=F. J. R. |bibcode=2004Sci...305..354F |citeseerx=10.1.1.598.7930 |s2cid=451773 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.2110/palo.2003.p03-108 |jstor=27670327 |title=Impact of Grassland Radiation on the Nonmarine Silica Cycle and Miocene Diatomite |journal=PALAIOS |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=198β206 |year=2005 |last1=Kidder |first1=D. L. |last2=Gierlowski-Kordesch |first2=E. H. |bibcode=2005Palai..20..198K |s2cid=140584104 }}</ref> Recent work suggests that diatom success is decoupled from the evolution of grasses, although both diatom and grassland diversity increased strongly from the middle Miocene.<ref name="Lazarus2014">{{cite journal |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0084857 |pmid=24465441 |pmc=3898954 |title=Cenozoic Planktonic Marine Diatom Diversity and Correlation to Climate Change |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=e84857 |year=2014 |last1=Lazarus |first1=David |last2=Barron |first2=John |last3=Renaudie |first3=Johan |last4=Diver |first4=Patrick |last5=TΓΌrke |first5=Andreas |bibcode=2014PLoSO...984857L |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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