Editing Cyclotron (section)

==Related technologies==
The spiraling of electrons in a cylindrical vacuum chamber within a transverse magnetic field is also employed in the [[magnetron]], a device for producing high frequency radio waves ([[microwaves]]). In the magnetron, electrons are bent into a circular path by a magnetic field, and their motion is used to excite [[microwave cavity|resonant cavities]], producing electromagnetic radiation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Magnetron Operation |url=http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Waves/magnetron.html |website=hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu |access-date=31 January 2022}}</ref>

A [[betatron]] uses the ''change'' in the magnetic field to accelerate electrons in a circular path. While static magnetic fields cannot provide acceleration, as the force always acts perpendicularly to the direction of particle motion, changing fields can be used to induce an [[electromotive force]] in the same manner as in a [[transformer]].  The betatron was developed in 1940,<ref>{{cite web |title=Betatron |url=https://physics.illinois.edu/people/history/betatron |access-date=31 January 2022 |website=physics.illinois.edu |publisher=Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign |language=en}}</ref> although the idea had been proposed substantially earlier.<ref name="Dannen-2001">{{cite journal |last1=Dannen |first1=Gene |date=March 2001 |title=Szilard's Inventions Patently Halted |url=https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1366083?journalCode=pto&ver=pdfcov |journal=Physics Today |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=102–104 |bibcode=2001PhT....54c.102D |doi=10.1063/1.1366083 |access-date=31 January 2022}}</ref>

A [[synchrotron]] is another type of particle accelerator that uses magnets to bend particles into a circular trajectory.  Unlike in a cyclotron, the particle path in a synchrotron has a fixed radius.  Particles in a synchrotron pass accelerating stations at increasing frequency as they get faster.  To compensate for this frequency increase, both the frequency of the applied accelerating electric field and the magnetic field must be increased in tandem, leading to the "synchro" portion of the name.<ref>{{cite web |title=Synchrotron |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/synchrotron |website=Britannica Online |access-date=31 January 2022}}</ref>