Editing Clara Schumann (section)

=== Cited sources ===

==== Books ====
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book
|last=Avins
|first=Styra
|translator-last1=Eisinger
|translator-first1=Josef
|translator-last2=Avins
|translator-first2=Styra
|title=Johannes Brahms: Life and Letters
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=07f0MCZusp8C&pg=PA231
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|year=1997
|isbn=0199247730
|access-date=2 August 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Avins Book|1997}}
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Borchard
|first=Beatrix
|author-link=Beatrix Borchard
|title=Clara Schumann : Ihr Leben
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kdLlCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA3
|location=Berlin
|publisher=[[Ullstein Verlag]]
|year=1991
|orig-year=reprinted 2015
|language=de
|isbn=978-3-48-708553-1
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Burton-Hill
|first=Clemency
|author-link=Clemency Burton-Hill
|title=Year of wonder : classical music for every day
|location=London
|publisher=Headline Home
|year=2017
|isbn=978-1472251824
|oclc=1011353452
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Clive
|first=Peter
|title=Brahms and His World: A Biographical Dictionary
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcQAAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA403
|publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]]
|year=2006
|access-date=16 October 2019
|isbn=978-1461722809
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Dahlhaus
|first=Carl
|translator-last=Lustig
|translator-first=Roger
|author-link=Carl Dahlhaus
|title=The Idea of Absolute Music
|year=1991
|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]
|id=Originally published Kassel (1978) [in German], Chicago/London (1989) [English translation]
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Haisler
|first=J. L.
|title=The Compositional Art of Clara Schumann (a Master of Music thesis)
|location=Houston, TX
|publisher=[[Rice University]]
|year=2003
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Jensen
|first=Eric Frederick
|title=Schumann
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UTS_OQxucPcC&pg=PP79
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|year=2012
|isbn=978-0-19-983195-1
|access-date=4 August 2019
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Koch
|first=Paul-August
|title=Clara Wieck-Schumann: (1819–1896): Kompositionen: eine Zusammenstellung der Werke, Literatur und Schallplatten
|location=Frankfurt am Main
|publisher=[[Zimmermann (publisher)|Zimmermann]]
|year=1991
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Litzmann
|first=Berthold
|author-link=Berthold Litzmann
|translator-last=Hadow
|translator-first=Grace E.
|translator-link=Grace E. Hadow
|others=Preface to vol. 1 by W. H. Hadow.
|title=Clara Schumann: An Artist's Life, Based on Material Found in Diaries and Letters
|volume=1: 1819–1850 ISBN 978-1-108-06415-6, Vol. 2: 1850–1896 ISBN 978-1-108-06416-3. Alternate reprint edition: Read Books Ltd (2011), Vol. 1 ISBN 978-1-446-54706-9, Vol. 2 ISBN 978-1-446-54512-6
|edition=Translated and abridged from the fourth German
|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]
|year=1913
|orig-year=reprint 2013
|id=Original publishers (English ed.): London: [[Macmillan & Co.]] & Leipzig: [[Breitkopf & Härtel]] (1913).
|ref={{sfnref|Litzmann Bio|1913}}
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Litzmann
|first=Berthold
|title=Clara Schumann: Ein Künstlerleben, Nach Tagebüchern und Briefen
|volume=1: Mädchenjahre 1819–1840, Vol. 2: Ehejahre 1840–1856, Vol. 3: Clara Schumann und ihre Freunde 1856–1896
|location=Leipzig
|publisher=[[Breitkopf & Härtel]]
|year=1902–1908
|ref={{sfnref|Litzmann Bio (German)|1908}}
}}

* {{cite book
|editor-last=Litzmann
|editor-first=Berthold
|editor-link=Berthold Litzmann
|title=Clara Schumann, Johannes Brahms: Briefe aus den Jahren 1853–1896
|others=Preface by Marie Schumann
|trans-title=Letters of Clara Schumann and Johannes Brahms, 1853–1896
|volume=1: 1853–1871, Vol. 2: 1872–1896
|location=New York
|publisher=Vienna House
|orig-year=1927
|year=1973
|isbn=0844300543
|oclc=792836
|id=Original publisher (English ed.): New York: [[Longmans, Green & Co.]] (1927). Original publisher (German ed.): Leipzig: [[Breitkopf & Härtel]] (1927) .
|ref={{sfnref|Litzmann Letters|1927}}
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Murray
|first=Jenni
|author-link=Jenni Murray
|title=A History of the World in 21 Women: A Personal Selection
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vn5WDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT129
|publisher=[[Oneworld Publications]]
|year=2018
|isbn=978-1-78-607411-9
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Reich
|first=Nancy B.
|author-link=Nancy B. Reich
|title=Clara Schumann: The Artist and the Woman
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bKudDgAAQBAJ&pg=PR23
|edition=Revised
|location=Ithaca, NY
|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]
|year=2001
|isbn=978-0-8014-8637-1
|ref={{sfnref|Reich Book|2001}}
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Reich
|first=Susanna
|title=Clara Schumann: Piano Virtuoso
|location=New York
|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]]
|year=1999
|isbn=0-618-55160-3
|ref={{sfnref|Reich, Susanna|1999}}
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Walker
|first=Alan
|author-link=Alan Walker (musicologist)
|title=Franz Liszt: The Weimar Years
|location=New York
|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]
|year=1993
|pages=338–367
|isbn=0-8014-9721-3
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Shaw
|first=George Bernard
|author-link=George Bernard Shaw
|title=London Music in 1888–1889 as heard by Corno di Bassetto
|location=London
|publisher=[[Constable & Robinson|Constable]]
|year=1937
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Schumann
|first=Eugenie
|author-link=Eugenie Schumann
|title=Erinnerungen
|translator-last=Busch
|translator-first=Marie
|trans-title=The Schumanns and Johannes Brahms: The Memoirs of Eugenie Schumann
|year=1991
|orig-year=English translation 1927
|location=Lawrence, MA
|publisher=Music Book Society
|isbn=1-878156-01-2
|ref={{sfnref|Schumann, Eugenie|1925}}
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Swafford
|first=Jan
|author-link=Jan Swafford
|title=Johannes Brahms: A Biography
|location=New York
|publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.]]
|year=1997
|isbn=0-679-42261-7
|ref={{sfnref|Swafford Book|1997}}
|url-access=registration
|url=https://archive.org/details/johannesbrahmsbi00swaf
}}
{{refend}}

==== Encyclopedias ====

{{refbegin}}
* {{cite encyclopedia
|last=Abraham
|first=Gerald E. H.
|author-link=Gerald Abraham
|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Schumann
|title=Robert Schumann / German composer
|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]
|date=20 July 1998
|access-date=13 September 2019
}}

* {{cite encyclopedia
|last=Avins
|first=Styra
|title=Joseph Joachim
|encyclopedia=[[Oxford Companion to Music]]
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|year=2002
|ref={{sfnref|Avins Article|2002}}
}}

* {{cite encyclopedia
|last=Bonds
|first=Mark
|title=Symphony: II. 19th century
|encyclopedia=The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
|edition=2nd
|location=London
|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]]
|year=2001
|isbn=0-333-60800-3
}}

* {{cite encyclopedia
|last=Daverio
|first=John
|author-link=John Daverio
|title=Schumann, Robert
|encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]]
|url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000040704
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|year=2001
|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.40704
|isbn=9781561592630
|access-date=24 June 2007
|ref={{sfnref|Daverio Grove|2001}}
}}

* {{cite journal
|last=Hall
|first=George
|title=Schumann, Clara (Josephine)
|journal=[[The Oxford Companion to Music]]
|location=New York
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|year=2002
}}

* {{cite encyclopedia
|last=Reich
|first=Nancy B.
|author-link=Nancy B. Reich
|title=Schumann [née Wieck], Clara (Josephine)
|encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]]
|url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000025152
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|year=2001
|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.25152
|isbn=978-1-56159-263-0
|ref={{sfnref|Reich Grove|2001}}
}}

* {{cite encyclopedia
|last=Weingarten
|first=Joseph
|title=Interpreting Schumann's Piano Music
|editor-last=Walker
|editor-first=Alan
|editor-link=Alan Walker (musicologist)
|encyclopedia=Robert Schumann: The Man and His Music
|url=https://archive.org/details/robertschumannma00walk
|location=London
|publisher=[[Barrie & Jenkins]]
|year=1972
|isbn=978-0214668050
|oclc=655091460
}}
{{refend}}

==== Newspapers ====

{{refbegin}}
* {{cite news
|last=Allihn
|first=Karen
|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/rhein-main/kultur/wie-clara-schumann-das-musikleben-in-frankfurt-praegte-16072331.html?printPagedArticle=true#pageIndex_2
|title=Erinnerungen an Clara Schumann : Alleinstehend, berufstätig, kinderreich
|newspaper=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]]
|date=5 March 2019
|language=de
|access-date=13 September 2019
}}

* {{cite periodical
|last1=Altenmüller
|first1=Eckart
|last2=Kopiez
|first2=Reinhard
|title=Suffering for Her Art: The Chronic Pain Syndrome of Pianist Clara Wieck-Schumann
|journal=Neurological Disorders in Famous Artists – Part 3
|url=https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/311195
|series=[[Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience]]
|location=Basel
|publisher=[[Karger]]
|year=2010
|volume=27
|access-date=26 September 2018
}}

* {{cite journal
|last=Daverio
|first=John
|author-link=John Daverio
|title=Sounds Without the Gate: Schumann and the Dresden Revolution
|journal=Il Saggiatore musicale
|year=1997
|ref={{sfnref|Daverio Article|1997}}
}}

* {{cite news
|last=Galloway
|first=Janice
|author-link=Janice Galloway
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2002/jun/20/artsfeatures.fiction
|title=Silent partner
|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]
|date=20 June 2002
}}

* {{cite periodical
|last=Horne
|first=William
|title=Brahms's Op. 10 Ballades and His Blätter Aus Dem Tagebuch Eines Musikers
|journal=[[The Journal of Musicology]]
|volume=15
|number=1
|year=1997
|jstor=763905
}}

* {{cite journal
|last=Kopiez
|first=Reinhard
|title=Clara Schumann's collection of playbills: A historiometric analysis of life-span development, mobility, and repertoire canonization
|url=http://musicweb.hmt-hannover.de/kopiez/Kopiez-Lehmann-Klassen(2009)CS-Programs.pdf
|journal=Poetics
|date=28 November 2008
|volume=37
|pages=50–73
|doi=10.1016/j.poetic.2008.09.001
|access-date=27 September 2018
|archive-date=15 August 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815151334/http://musicweb.hmt-hannover.de/kopiez/Kopiez-Lehmann-Klassen(2009)CS-Programs.pdf
|url-status=dead
}}

* {{cite news
|last=Negwer
|first=Ingo
|url=http://www.omm.de/feuilleton/hochs-konservatorium.html
|title=Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium seit Januar Musikakademie / Bericht vom Festakt zur Verleihung des Status einer Akademie
|newspaper=Online Musik Magazin
|date=February 2002
|language=de
|access-date=12 September 2019
}}

* {{cite journal
|last1=Pedroza
|first1=Ludim R.
|title=Music as ''Communitas'': Franz Liszt, Clara Schumann, and the Musical Work
|journal=Journal of Musicological Research
|date=October–December 2010
|volume=29
|issue=4
|pages=295–321
|doi=10.1080/01411890903475981
|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]
|s2cid=145104181
|issn=0141-1896
}} {{subscription required|via=[[EBSCO Host]]}}

* {{cite news
|last=Popova
|first=Maria
|author-link=Maria Popova
|url=https://www.brainpickings.org/2017/02/21/clara-schumann-johannes-brahms-letters/
|title=When a Friendship Is More Than Friendship: The Tender Letters of Clara Schumann and Johannes Brahms
|newspaper=[[Brain Pickings]]
|date=21 February 2017
|access-date=15 September 2018
}}

* {{cite journal
|last=Reich
|first=Nancy B.
|author-link=Nancy B. Reich
|title=Clara Schumann
|journal=Women Making Music: The Western Art Tradition, 1150–1950
|location=Urbana and Chicago
|publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]]
|year=1986
|isbn=0252012046
|ref={{sfnref|Reich Article|1986}}
}}

* {{cite news
|last=Riebsamen
|first=Hans
|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/rhein-main/ausstellung-ueber-pianistin-clara-schumann-in-frankfurt-16177914.html?printPagedArticle=true#pageIndex_2
|title=Pianistin Clara Schumann : Klavierstunde bei der eisernen Meisterin
|newspaper=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]]
|date=9 May 2019
|language=de
|access-date=12 September 2019
}}

* {{cite news
|last=Swafford
|first=Jan
|author-link=Jan Swafford
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2003/apr/26/classicalmusicandopera.artsfeatures2
|title=Bittersweet symphonies / Brahms's affair with Clara Schumann was a sizzling mess that left his life in chaos and filled his music with yearning
|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]
|date=26 April 2003
|access-date=8 October 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Swafford Article|2003}}
}}

* {{cite news
|last=Worl
|first=Gayle
|title=Women of Historic Note
|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1997/03/09/women-of-historic-note/259adb97-9eaf-41ef-94e7-d92b7ca54f04/
|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]
|date=9 March 1997
}}
{{refend}}

==== Online sources ====

{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web
|author=Berliner Philharmoniker
|url=https://www.berliner-philharmoniker.de/geschichte/anfang/clara-schumann/
|title=Clara Schumann und die Berliner Philharmoniker, Zum 200. Geburtstag der Pianistin und Komponistin
|website=berliner-philharmoniker.de
|publisher=[[Berlin Philharmonic|Berliner Philharmoniker]]
|language=de
|access-date=9 October 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Berliner Philharmoniker|2019}}
|author-link=Berliner Philharmoniker
|archive-date=1 February 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201133446/https://www.berliner-philharmoniker.de/geschichte/anfang/clara-schumann/
|url-status=dead
}}

* {{cite AV media notes
|last=Braunstein
|first=Joseph
|title=Clara Schumann; [[Michael Ponti]], piano
|year=1971
|type=LP, liner notes
|publisher=[[Vox Records|Candide]]
|id=CE 31038
}}

* {{cite web
|last=Buja
|first=Maureen
|url=http://www.interlude.hk/front/linds-clarchens-women-musicians-national-currency/
|title=Linds and Clärchens: Women Musicians and National Currency
|website=interlude.hk
|publisher=Interlude
|date=10 September 2015
|access-date=16 October 2019
}}

* {{cite episode
|title=The Clara Schumann Story
|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0630981/
|series=The Loretta Young Show
|type=TV series
|season=1
|number=26
|date=21 March 1954
|transcript=[[Loretta Young]] (actor)
|access-date=16 October 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Loretta Young Show|1954}}
}}

* {{cite web
|last=Dunsmore
|first=David R.
|url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2013/Dec13/Schumann_Brahms_violin_CHAN10762.htm
|title=Review: Clara Schumann – Three Romances for violin and piano, Op. 22
|website=musicweb-international.com
|date=December 2013
}}

* {{cite AV media
|author=<!--no author for a film-->
|title=Frühlingssinfonie
|trans-title=Spring Symphony
|format=1983
|type=Motion picture
|lang=de
|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0085568/
|access-date=16 October 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Frühlingssinfonie|1983}}
}}

* {{cite AV media
|author=<!--no author for a film-->
| people=Directed by [[Helma Sanders-Brahms]]
|title=Geliebte Clara
|trans-title=Beloved Clara
|format=2008
|type=Motion picture
|lang=de
|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0177636/
|access-date=16 October 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Geliebte Clara|2008}}
}}

* {{cite web
|last=Klassen
|first=Janina
|author-link=Janina Klassen
|url=https://www.sophie-drinker-institut.de/schumann-clara
|title=Schumann, Clara (Josephine)
|website=sophie-drinker-institut.de
|location=Bremen
|publisher=[[Sophie Drinker]] Institute
|year=2011
|language=de
|access-date=12 September 2019
}}

* {{cite web
|last=Nauhaus
|first=Julia M.
|translator-last=Ma
|translator-first=Katharina
|url=https://www.schumann-portal.de/clara-schumann.html
|title=Clara Schumann, née Wieck (1819–1896), wife
|website=schumann-portal.de
|publisher=Schumann Portal
|access-date=12 September 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Nauhaus Images|2019}}
}}

* {{cite web
|last=Nauhaus
|first=Julia M.
|translator-last=Ma
|translator-first=Katharina
|url=https://www.schumann-portal.de/eugenie-schumann-1168.html
|title=Eugenie Schumann (1851–1938), daughter
|website=schumann-portal.de
|publisher=Schumann Portal
|access-date=12 September 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Nauhaus Eugenie|2019}}
}}

* {{cite web
|last=Nauhaus
|first=Julia M.
|translator-last=Ma
|translator-first=Katharina
|url=https://www.schumann-portal.de/mariane-bargiel-mother.html
|title=Mariane Wieck-Bargiel, née Tromlitz (1797–1872), mother of Clara Schumann
|website=schumann-portal.de
|publisher=Schumann Portal
|access-date=7 October 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Nauhaus Bargiel|2019}}
}}

* {{cite web
|author=Paper Money Guaranty
|url=https://www.pmgnotes.com/news/article/6566/Clara-Schumann-German-Mark/
|title=Clara Schumann German Mark
|website=pmgnotes.com
|publisher=[[Numismatic Guaranty Corporation|Paper Money Guaranty]]
|date=15 May 2018
|access-date=16 October 2019
|author-link=Numismatic Guaranty Corporation
}}

* {{cite web
|last=Savage
|first=Mark
|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-38079139
|title=Five forgotten female composers will be celebrated on BBC Radio 3
|publisher=BBC
|date=8 March 2017
|access-date=9 October 2019
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Schumann
|first=Clara
|title=Piano Music
|others=Selected and with an Introduction by [[Nancy B. Reich]]
|publication-place=Mineola, NY
|publisher=[[Dover Publications]]
|year=2001
|isbn=978-0486413815
|id=Originally published 1836, 1840, 1845, 1854, 1855
|ref={{sfnref|Clara Schumann Score|2001}}
}}

* {{cite book
|last=Schumann
|first=Robert
|title=Robert Schumanns Werke
|url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Robert_Schumann:_Robert_Schumanns_Werke
|editor-last=Schumann
|editor-first=Clara
|publisher=[[Breitkopf & Härtel]]
|date=1879–1893
|ref={{sfnref|Robert Schumann Score|1879}}
}}

* {{cite web
|author=Schumann Portal
|url=https://www.schumann-portal.de/konzertliste.html
|title=Clara Schumann's concert tours
|website=schumann-portal.de
|publisher=Schumann Portal
|access-date=9 October 2019
|ref={{sfnref|Schumann Portal|2019}}
}}

* {{cite encyclopedia
|last=Schwarm
|first=Betsy
|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Piano-Concerto-in-A-Minor-Op-54
|title=Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op. 54 / work by Schumann
|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica
|date=28 June 2013
|access-date=12 September 2019
}}

* {{cite AV media
|author=<!--no author for a film-->
| people=Directed by [[Clarence Brown]], [[Katharine Hepburn]] as Clara Schumann
|title=Song of Love
|format=1947
|type=Motion picture
|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/25359
|ref={{sfnref|Song of Love|1947}}
}}

* {{cite AV media
|author=<!--no author for a film-->
|title=Träumerei
|trans-title=Dreaming
|format=1944
|type=Motion picture
|lang=de
|url=https://www.bonner-schumannfest.de/veranstaltung/film-traeumerei/?lang=en
|people=Directed by [[Harald Braun]]
|ref={{sfnref|Träumerei|1944}}
|access-date=12 June 2019
|archive-date=24 April 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424084104/https://www.bonner-schumannfest.de/veranstaltung/film-traeumerei/?lang=en
|url-status=dead
}}
{{refend}}