Editing Cardiff (section)

==Landmarks and attractions==
{{See also |Architecture of Cardiff|Listed buildings in Cardiff}}
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|image1=Adeilad y Pierhead, Caerdydd.jpg
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|caption1=[[Pierhead Building]] is part of the [[Senedd_building#Senedd_estate_in_Cardiff_Bay|Senedd estate in Cardiff Bay]]. 
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|caption2=[[St John the Baptist Church, Cardiff|St John the Baptist Church]] is the oldest [[Church in Wales]] building in the city
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|caption3=Cardiff Crown Court is part of the Wales Circuit of [[His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service]]. 
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Cardiff has many landmark buildings such as the Principality Stadium, [[Pierhead Building]], the Welsh National Museum and the Senedd building, the home of the Welsh Parliament. Cardiff is also known for Cardiff Castle, [[St David's Hall]], [[St John the Baptist Church, Cardiff|St John the Baptist Church]], [[Llandaff Cathedral]] and the [[Wales Millennium Centre]].

[[Cardiff Castle]] is a major tourist attraction in the city and is situated in the heart of the [[Cardiff city centre|city centre]]. The [[St Fagans National History Museum|National History Museum at St Fagans]] in Cardiff is a large open-air museum housing dozens of buildings from throughout Welsh history that have been moved to the site in Cardiff. The Civic Centre in [[Cathays Park]] comprises a collection of [[Edwardian architecture|Edwardian]] buildings such as the [[City Hall, Cardiff|City Hall]], [[National Museum Cardiff|National Museum and Gallery of Wales]], [[Cardiff Crown Court]], and buildings forming part of Cardiff University, together with more modern civic buildings. These buildings are laid out around the Queen Alexandra Gardens, a formal park which contains the [[Welsh National War Memorial]] and a number of other, smaller memorials.

In addition to Cardiff Castle, [[Castell Coch]] is a castle in [[Tongwynlais]], in the north of the city. The current castle is an elaborately decorated Victorian [[folly]] designed by [[William Burges]] for the Marquess and built in the 1870s, as an occasional retreat. However, the Victorian castle stands on the footings of a much older medieval castle possibly built by [[Ifor Bach]], a regional baron with links to Cardiff Castle also. The exterior has become a popular location for film and television productions. It rarely fulfilled its intended role as a retreat for the Butes, who seldom stayed there. For the Marquess, the pleasure had been in its creation, a pleasure lost following Burges's death in 1881.

Cardiff claims the largest concentration of [[castles]] of any city in the world.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.skysports.com/rugbyunion/World_Cup/Story/0,21043,13092_2689478,00.html |title=2007 Rugby World Cup City Guides – Cardiff |publisher=Sky Sports |access-date=19 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405094448/http://www.skysports.com/rugbyunion/World_Cup/Story/0%2C21043%2C13092_2689478%2C00.html |archive-date=5 April 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As well as Cardiff Castle and Castell Coch, there are the remains of two [[motte-and-bailey castle]]s in [[Morganstown]] and [[Rhiwbina]], known as [[Morganstown Castle Mound]] and [[Twmpath Castle]] or Twmpath Motte (also known as {{lang|cy|Caer Cynwrig}}) respectively.<ref name="Morganstown">{{Cadw|uid=3373|class=SM|num=GM256|desc=Morganstown Castle Mound |access-date=24 April 2021 |archive-date=24 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424071247/https://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/sam/FullReport?lang=&id=3373 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Twmpath Motte">{{Cadw|uid=3465|class=SM|num=GM017|desc=Twmpath, Rhiwbina |access-date=24 April 2021 |archive-date=24 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424064805/https://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/sam/FullReport?lang=&id=3465 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Twmpath]] being a Welsh word for a small mound),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.castlewales.com/twmpath.html |title=Twmpath Castle |year=2002 |access-date=21 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307035335/http://www.castlewales.com/twmpath.html |archive-date=7 March 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> which along with a castle at Whitchurch (known as Treoda and destroyed by housing in the 1960s) formed an arc of fortifications which divided the Norman lordship from the Welsh lordship of Senghenydd.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gatehouse-gazetteer.info/Welshsites/482.html |title=The Gatehouse: Treoda, Whitchurch |date=8 October 2007 |access-date=28 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815082212/http://www.gatehouse-gazetteer.info/Welshsites/482.html |archive-date=15 August 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Further up the Cefn Cibwr ridge on the boundary with Caerphilly there is also another ruined castle, known as [[Morgraig Castle]] ({{langx|cy|Castell Morgraig}}). Archaeological evidence suggests this castle was never finished, and it is debated whether the fortification was of Norman or Welsh origin. The concentration of castles indicates the moveable nature of the border between the Norman lordship of Glamorgan, centred at Cardiff, and its Welsh neighbours to the north.

There is also the ruined [[Bishop's Palace, Llandaff|Llandaff Bishop's Palace]], also known as Llandaff Castle,<ref name="Britannica">{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Llandaff |title=Llandaff |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |access-date=5 April 2021 |archive-date=6 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206235749/https://www.britannica.com/place/Llandaff |url-status=live }}</ref> which was the home of the medieval bishops, which was destroyed about 1403–1404 by the Welsh leader [[Owain Glyndŵr]]. Now only the ruined gatehouse remains.<ref name="Britannica"/> Not strictly a castle in the historical sense, [[St Fagans National History Museum|Saint Fagans Castle]] is a preserved 17th-century manor house, once the seat of the [[Earl of Plymouth|Earls of Plymouth]].

{|class="toccolours" style="margin:0.5em auto"
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|<gallery caption="Cardiff's castles" mode="packed">
File:Cardiff Castle (15802151760).jpg|[[Cardiff Castle]]
File:Castell Coch - exterior.JPG|[[Castell Coch]] 
File:St Fagans National History Museum 196.JPG|[[St Fagans Castle]]
File:Bishops palace llandaff.jpg|[[Bishop's Palace, Llandaff|Bishop's Palace]]<br />''(also known as Llandaff Castle)''
File:Twmpath Castle (2).jpg|The overgrown [[Twmpath Castle|Twmpath Castle or Motte]]<br />''(also known as Caer Cynwrig)''
File:Morganstown Castle Mound 3.jpg|The overgrown [[Morganstown Castle Mound]] 
File:Caer Castell Camp 0194.jpg|The overgrown [[Caer Castell Camp]]
</gallery>
|}
Other major tourist attractions are the [[Cardiff Bay]] regeneration sites, which include the recently opened Wales Millennium Centre and the Senedd building, and many other cultural and sites of interest, including the [[Cardiff Bay Barrage]] and the famous [[Coal Exchange]]. The [[New Theatre (Cardiff)|New Theatre]] was founded in 1906 and refurbished in the 1980s. Until the opening of the Wales Millennium Centre in 2004, it was the premier venue in Wales for touring theatre and dance companies. Other venues popular for concerts and sporting events include [[Cardiff International Arena]], St David's Hall and the Principality Stadium. [[Cardiff Story]], a museum documenting the city's history, has been open to the public since the spring of 2011.

Cardiff has over 1,000 listed buildings, ranging from the more prominent buildings such as the castles, to smaller buildings, houses and structures.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cardiff.gov.uk/content.asp?Parent_Directory_id=2865&nav=2870,3139,3939,3972 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927041924/http://www.cardiff.gov.uk/content.asp?Parent_Directory_id=2865&nav=2870%2C3139%2C3939%2C3972 |archive-date=27 September 2006 |title=Listed and Locally Listed Buildings |publisher=Cardiff County Council |access-date=28 May 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Cathedral Road was developed by the 3rd Marquis of Bute and is lined by fine villas, some backing on to Sophia Gardens.

Cardiff has walks of special interest for tourists and [[Walking|ramblers]] alike, such as the [[Cardiff Centenary Walk|Centenary Walk]], which runs for {{convert|2+1/4|mi|km|round=0.5|abbr=out}} within Cardiff city centre. This route passes through many of Cardiff's landmarks and historic buildings. The [[Animal Wall]], designed by [[William Burges]] in 1866, marks the south edge of Bute Park on Castle Street. It bears 15 carved animal statues.