Editing Battle of Shiloh (section)

===Casualties===
Multiple sources list Union casualties as 13,047, with 1,754 killed, 8,408 wounded, and 2,885 missing or captured.<ref name="UnionCas">{{harvnb|Daniel|1997|p=322}}; {{harvnb|Cunningham|2009|pp=423–424}}; {{harvnb|Eicher|2001|p=230}}</ref><ref name="ABTShiloh"/> Grant's army had 10,944 casualties, while Buell's had 2,103.<ref name="Daniel322"/> Without counting those captured or missing, the brigades commanded by Sweeny, Veatch, and Colonel [[Nelson G. Williams]] all had over 600 killed or wounded.<ref name="Cunningham422-423">{{harvnb|Cunningham|2009|pp=422–423}}</ref> The report in the ''Official Records'' lists two<!--Raith Peabody--> brigade commanders as killed or mortally wounded, five wounded<!--Hare McArthur Stuart Kirk--> (including Sweeny), and one captured<!--Miller-->.<ref name="Scott100-104">{{harvnb|Scott|1884|pp=100–104}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|A sixth brigade commander, Colonel Nelson Williams, is listed as wounded by one author.<ref name="Cunningham412">{{harvnb|Cunningham|2009|p=412}}</ref>|group=Note}} One historian believes that the high number of officer losses caused casualty figures to be understated, and that they really total closer to 14,500.<ref name="Cunningham376">{{harvnb|Cunningham|2009|p=376}}</ref>

Confederate casualties totaled to 10,699, with 1,728 killed, 8,012 wounded, and 959 missing or captured.<ref name="Daniel322"/> Additional sources agree with those figures.<ref name="ConfCas">{{harvnb|Cunningham|2009|p=422}}; {{harvnb|Eicher|2001|p=230}}</ref><ref name="ABTShiloh"/> The Confederate totals do not include reporting for cavalry or the 47th Tennessee Infantry Regiment that arrived for the second day of the battle.<ref name="Daniel322"/> Similar to the understatement for Union casualties, one historian believes Confederate casualties were probably closer to 12,000.<ref name="Cunningham376"/> Using the commonly quoted statistics, Cleburne's brigade had 790 wounded and 188 killed, both numbers higher than those for any brigade in any of the armies at the battle.<ref name="Cunningham421-424">{{harvnb|Cunningham|2009|pp=421–424}}</ref> In addition to the wounding of Johnston (mortal) and Hardee (slight), Beauregard's report mentions six casualties for major generals and brigadier generals—one killed, three severely wounded, one slightly wounded, and one injured when his horse was shot.<!--Gladden-k Cheatham-l Clark-s Hindman-h B.Johnson-s Bowen-s --><ref name="Scott387-390">{{harvnb|Scott|1884|pp=387–390}}</ref> Another Confederate soldier killed was Samuel B. Todd, brother of [[President of the United States|President]] [[Abraham Lincoln]]'s wife, [[Mary Todd Lincoln]].<ref name="ES1903p20">{{cite news
|title=Important from the South (page 1, middle column, 3rd paragraph)
|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030313/1862-05-01/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1862&index=3&rows=20&words=Shiloh&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=New+York&date2=1862&proxtext=Shiloh&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1
|newspaper=New York Herald (from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress)
|date=1862-05-01
|last=
|first=}}</ref>

At the time, the battle was the largest fought in America and had the highest number of casualties so far in the war.<ref name="Eicher230">{{harvnb|Eicher|2001|p=230}}</ref><ref name="NYT">{{Cite web |title=Why Shiloh Matters |last=Groom |first=Winston |work=[[New York Times]] |date=April 6, 2024 |access-date=March 20, 2024 |url= https://archive.nytimes.com/opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/04/06/why-shiloh-matters/}}</ref> The high number of casualties helped convince many Union leaders that the war was not going to end quickly in the west.<ref name="McPherson413">{{harvnb|McPherson|1988|p=413}}</ref> About 20,000 men were killed or wounded at Shiloh, while earlier major battles at [[First Battle of Bull Run|Manassas (a.k.a. Bull Run)]], [[Battle of Wilson's Creek|Wilson's Creek]], Fort Donelson, and [[Battle of Pea Ridge|Pea Ridge]] ''combined'' to only 12,000.<ref name="McPherson413"/> Shiloh's total casualties of 23,746 (which may be understated) puts it in the top ten (6th or 7th) in the American Civil War.<ref name="ABTCasualties">{{cite web
|title=Civil War Casualties
|date=November 16, 2012
|publisher=American Battlefield Trust
|url=https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/civil-war-casualties#:~:text=The%20Civil%20War%20was%20America's,citizens%20and%20international%20observers%20alike.
|access-date=2022-08-06}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|The American Battlefield Trust ranks the battles at [[Battle of Gettysburg|Gettysburg]], [[Battle of Chickamauga|Chickamauga]], [[Battle of Spotsylvania Court House|Spotsylvania]], [[Battle of the Wilderness|the Wilderness]], and [[Battle of Chancellorsville|Chancellorsville]] ahead of Shiloh.<ref name="ABTCasualties"/> If the historian Eicher's casualties are used for the [[Battle of Stones River]] instead of the data used by the Trust, Stones River would become sixth-ranked and Shiloh would [[List of costliest American Civil War land battles|fall to seventh]].<ref name="Eicher428">{{harvnb|Eicher|2001|p=428}}</ref>|group=Note}}