Editing African trypanosomiasis (section)

===Funding===
For current funding statistics, human African trypanosomiasis is grouped with kinetoplastid infections. [[Kinetoplastida|Kinetoplastids]] refer to a group of flagellate protozoa.<ref name=G-finder/> Kinetoplastid infections include African sleeping sickness, [[Chagas]]' disease, and [[Leishmaniasis]]. Altogether, these three diseases accounted for 4.4 million [[disability adjusted life year]]s (DALYs) and an additional 70,075 recorded deaths yearly.<ref name=G-finder/> For kinetoplastid infections, the total global research and development funding was approximately $136.3 million in 2012. Each of the three diseases, African sleeping sickness, Chagas' disease, and Leishmaniasis each received approximately a third of the funding, which was about US$36.8 million, US$38.7 million, and US $31.7 million, respectively.<ref name=G-finder>{{cite web | vauthors = Moran M, Guzman J, Chapman N, Abela-Oversteengen L, Howard R, Farrell P, Luxford J |title=Neglected Disease Research and Development: The Public Divide. |url=http://www.policycures.org/downloads/GF_report13_all_web.pdf |publisher=Global Funding of Innovation for Neglected Disease |access-date=30 October 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401190712/http://policycures.org/downloads/GF_report13_all_web.pdf |archive-date=1 April 2016}}</ref>

For sleeping sickness, funding was split into basic research, drug discovery, vaccines, and diagnostics. The greatest amount of funding was directed towards basic research of the disease; approximately US$21.6 million was directed towards that effort. As for therapeutic development, approximately $10.9 million was invested.<ref name=G-finder/>

The top funder for kinetoplastid infection research and development are public sources. About 62% of the funding comes from high-income countries while 9% comes from low- and middle-income countries. High-income countries' public funding is the largest contributor to the neglected disease research effort. However, in recent years, funding from high-income countries has been steadily decreasing; in 2007, high-income countries provided 67.5% of the total funding whereas, in 2012, high-income countries public funds only provided 60% of the total funding for kinetoplastid infections. This downward trend leaves a gap for other funders, such as philanthropic foundations and private pharmaceutical companies to fill.<ref name=G-finder/>

Much of the progress that has been made in African sleeping sickness and neglected disease research as a whole is a result of the other non-public funders. One of these major sources of funding has come from foundations, which have increasingly become more committed to neglected disease drug discovery in the 21st century. In 2012, philanthropic sources provided 15.9% of the total funding.<ref name=G-finder/> The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has been a leader in providing funding for neglected diseases [[drug development]]. They have provided US$444.1 million towards neglected disease research in 2012. To date, they have donated over US$1.02 billion towards the neglected disease discovery efforts.<ref>{{cite web |title=Strategy Overview |date=2013 |work=Neglected Infectious Diseases |publisher=Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation |url=http://www.gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global-Health/Neglected-Infectious-Diseases#AreasofFocus |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151101024546/http://www.gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global-Health/Neglected-Infectious-Diseases#AreasofFocus |archive-date=1 November 2015}}</ref>

For kinetoplastid infections specifically, they have donated an average of US$28.15 million annually between the years 2007 to 2011.<ref name=G-finder/> They have labeled human African trypanosomiasis a high-opportunity target meaning it is a disease that presents the greatest opportunity for control, elimination, and eradication, through the development of new drugs, vaccines, public health programs, and diagnostics. They are the second-highest funding source for neglected diseases, immediately behind the US National Institutes of Health.<ref name=G-finder/> At a time when public funding is decreasing and government grants for scientific research are harder to obtain, the philanthropic world has stepped in to push the research forward.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

Another important component of increased interest and funding has come from industry. In 2012, they contributed 13.1% total to the kinetoplastid research and development effort, and have additionally played an important role by contributing to public-private partnerships (PPP) as well as product-development partnerships (PDP).<ref name=G-finder/> A public-private partnership is an arrangement between one or more public entities and one or more private entities that exists to achieve a specific health outcome or to produce a health product. The partnership can exist in numerous ways; they may share and exchange funds, property, equipment, human resources, and intellectual property. These public-private partnerships and product-development partnerships have been established to address challenges in the pharmaceutical industry, especially related to neglected disease research. These partnerships can help increase the scale of the effort toward therapeutic development by using different knowledge, skills, and expertise from different sources. These types of partnerships are more effective than industry or public groups working independently.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Background Paper 8: 8.1 Public-Private Partnerships and Innovation |chapter-url=https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/priority_medicines/Ch8_1PPPs.pdf |title=Priority Medicines for Europe and the World Update Report |publisher=World Health Organization |year=2013 |url=https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/priority_medicines/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140820013255/http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/priority_medicines/en/ |archive-date=20 August 2014}}</ref>