Editing Yerba mate (section)

==History==
{{main|History of yerba mate}}
[[File:Yerba Mate.jpg|thumb|right|Yerba mate growing in the wild]]
Mate was first consumed by the indigenous [[Guaraní people]] and also spread in the [[Tupí people]] that lived in the departments of [[Amambay Department|Amambay]] and [[Alto Paraná Department|Alto Paraná]]<ref name="Tres"/> the territory of Paraguay.<ref name="Cervantes"/> Its consumption became widespread during European colonization,<ref name=EB1911>{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Maté |volume=17 |pages=877–878}}</ref> particularly in the Spanish colony of Paraguay in the late 16th century, among both Spanish settlers and indigenous Guaraní, who had, to some extent before the Spanish arrival, consumed it.<ref name=EB1911/> This widespread consumption turned it into Paraguay's main commodity above other wares, such as [[tobacco]], and the labour of indigenous peoples was used to harvest wild stands.{{Citation needed|date=December 2012}}

In the mid-17th century, [[Jesuit]]s managed to domesticate the plant and establish plantations in [[Jesuit reduction|their Indian reductions]]<ref name=EB1911/> in [[Misiones]], Argentina, sparking severe competition with the Paraguayan harvesters of wild stands. {{Citation needed|date=December 2012}} It is here when the plant began its incursion into other non-Paraguayan territories. After [[suppression of the Society of Jesus|their expulsion]] in the 1770s, their plantations fell into decay, as did their domestication secrets.{{Citation needed|date=December 2012}} The industry continued to be of prime importance for the Paraguayan economy after independence, but development in benefit of the Paraguayan state halted after the [[Paraguayan War|War of the Triple Alliance]] (1864–1870) that devastated the country both economically and demographically.{{Citation needed|date=December 2012}} Some regions with mate plantations in Paraguay [[Paraguayan War#Effects on yerba mate industry|became Argentine territory]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reber |first=Vera Blinn |date=July 1985 |title=Commerce and Industry in Nineteenth Century Paraguay: The Example of |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/americas/article/abs/commerce-and-industry-in-nineteenth-century-paraguay-the-example-of-yerba-mate/A7B61EBD98F37BD7029AE705E20D5328 |journal=The Americas |language=en |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=29–53 |doi=10.2307/1006706 |jstor=1006706 |s2cid=147135625 |issn=0003-1615}}</ref>

Brazil then became the largest producer of mate.<ref>[http://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vidaecidadania/especial-erva-mate/ "Erva-mate - o ouro verde do Paraná"]. Retrieved 10 July 2013.</ref> In Brazilian and Argentine projects in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the plant was domesticated once again, opening the way for plantation systems.{{Citation needed|date=December 2012}} When Brazilian entrepreneurs turned their attention to [[Coffee production in Brazil|coffee]] in the 1930s, Argentina, which had long been the prime consumer,<ref name="lasmarias1">{{cite web |title=Can Yerba Mate cause cancer? |date=7 December 2024 |url=https://netdoctorcenter.com/diseases/cancer/yerba-mate-tea-and-cancer-risk/ |access-date= |publisher=Netdoctorcenter.com}}</ref> took over as the largest producer, resurrecting the economy in [[Misiones Province]], where the Jesuits had once had most of their plantations. For years, the status of largest producer shifted between Brazil and Argentina.<ref name="lasmarias1"/> Today, Brazil is the largest producer, with 53%, followed by Argentina, 37%, and Paraguay, 10%.<ref name="fao"/><ref name="dol">{{cite web|url=http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods/|website=dol.gov|title=List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor|access-date=28 March 2021}}</ref>

In the city of [[Campo Largo, Paraná|Campo Largo]], state of [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]], Brazil, there is a Mate Historic Park ({{langx|pt|Parque Histórico do Mate}}), funded by the state government to educate people on the sustainable harvesting methods needed to maintain the integrity and vitality of the oldest wild forests of mate in the world. As of June 2014, however, the park is closed to public visitation.<ref name="parquehistorico">{{cite web |url=http://www.museuparanaense.pr.gov.br/modules/conteudo/conteudo.php?conteudo=56 |title=Parque Histórico do Mate |language=pt |trans-title=Mate Historic Park |publisher=Paraná State Secretariat for Culture |access-date=3 June 2014 }}</ref>