Editing Wisconsin (section)

===Early history===
[[File:Ancient Aztalan Village DSC 0 121.jpg|thumb|left|[[Aztalan State Park]] marks the site of an ancient [[Mississippian culture]] settlement that flourished during the 10th to 13th centuries.]]

Wisconsin has been home to a wide variety of cultures over the past 14,000 years. The first people arrived around 10,000 BCE during the [[Wisconsin Glaciation]]. These early inhabitants, called [[Paleo-Indians]], hunted now-extinct [[Pleistocene#Fauna|ice age animals]] such as the [[Boaz mastodon]], a prehistoric [[mastodon]] skeleton unearthed along with spear points in southwest Wisconsin.<ref>{{Cite book | last1=Theler | first1=James | last2=Boszhardt | first2=Robert | title=Twelve Millennia: Archaeology of the Upper Mississippi River Valley | year=2003 |publisher=University of Iowa Press |location= Iowa City, Iowa |isbn=978-0-87745-847-0|page=59 }}</ref> After the ice age ended around 8000 BCE, people in the subsequent [[Archaic period in the Americas|Archaic period]] lived by hunting, fishing, and gathering food from wild plants. Agricultural societies emerged gradually over the [[Woodland period]] between 1000 BCE to 1000 CE. Toward the end of this period, Wisconsin was the heartland of the "[[Effigy Mound]] culture", which built thousands of animal-shaped mounds across the landscape.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Birmingham|first1=Robert|last2=Eisenberg|first2=Leslie|title=Indian Mounds of Wisconsin|year=2000 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|location=Madison, Wisconsin|isbn=978-0-299-16870-4|pages=100–110}}</ref> Later, between 1000 and 1500 CE, the [[Mississippian culture|Mississippian]] and [[Oneota]] cultures built substantial settlements including the fortified village at [[Aztalan]] in southeast Wisconsin.<ref>Birmingham 2000, pp. 152–56</ref> The Oneota may be the ancestors of the modern [[Iowa people|Iowa]] and [[Ho-Chunk]] nations who shared the Wisconsin region with the [[Menominee]] at the time of European contact.<ref>Birmingham 2000, pp. 165–67</ref> Other Native American groups living in Wisconsin when Europeans first settled included the [[Ojibwe]], [[Sauk people|Sauk]], [[Meskwaki]], [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]], and [[Potawatomi]], who migrated to Wisconsin from the east between 1500 and 1700.<ref>{{cite book|last=Boatman|first=John|editor-first=Donald| editor-last=Fixico|title=An Anthology of Western Great Lakes Indian History|publisher=University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee|year=1987|chapter=Historical Overview of the Wisconsin Area: From Early Years to the French, British, and Americans|oclc=18188646}}</ref>