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Władysław I Herman
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==Domestic difficulties== Although Władysław was formally duke of Poland, in reality the barons who banished his brother used this victory to strengthen their position. It is not surprising, therefore, that within a short time Władysław was forced to give up the government to his [[count palatine]] (Polish: [[wojewoda]]), a nobleman named [[Sieciech]]. Sieciech's administration of the realm was negatively perceived by those of the barons who were not the beneficiaries of the power shift.{{No source|date=January 2025}} [[File:Jan Matejko, Władysław I Herman.jpg|thumb|Drawing by [[Jan Matejko]] from the cycle ''Poczet królów i książąt polskich'']] The birth of [[Bolesław Wrymouth]] to Władysław and Judith of Bohemia changed the political situation in Poland. Władysław's nephew Mieszko was already seventeen at that time and was, by the previous agreement made after his return, the first in line to succeed. In 1089 Mieszko died under mysterious circumstances, probably poisoned on the orders of Sieciech and Judith of Swabia. Almost immediately, Zbigniew was sent to Germany and placed in the [[Quedlinburg Abbey]]. With the idea of forcing his first-born son to take [[holy vows]], Władysław intended to deprive him of any chance of succession.{{No source|date=January 2025}} In 1090 Sieciech, with help of Polish forces under his command, managed to gain control of [[Gdańsk Pomerania]], albeit for a short time. Major towns were garrisoned by Polish troops, the rest were burned, in order to thwart any future resistance. Several months later, however, a rebellion of native elites led to the restoration of the region's independence from Poland. Sieciech's tyrannical rule reflected negatively on Władysław, causing a massive political migration out of Poland. In 1093 Silesia rebelled, and the ''comes'' Magnus, with the assistance of the Bohemian and Polish knights, welcomed Zbigniew after he escaped from Germany; however, soon Sieciech captured the prince and imprisoned him. The increasing dissatisfaction in the country forced the release of Zbigniew in 1097. Immediately after this Władysław (after an unsuccessful retaliatory expedition against Silesia and being forced to recognize Zbigniew as the legitimate heir) appointed his sons as commanders of the army which was formed in order to recapture Gdańsk Pomerania.{{No source|date=January 2025}} [[File:Lublin Museum 2018 P17 Jan Matejko Reception of Jews in Poland.jpg|thumb|right|Reception of [[History of the Jews in Poland|Jews in Poland]] by Władysław Herman in the year 1096. Painting by [[Jan Matejko]] from 1893, held at the [[National Museum, Lublin]].]] Simultaneously a great migration of Jews from Western Europe to Poland began circa 1096, around the time of the [[First Crusade]]. Władysław, a tolerant ruler, attracted the Jews to his domains, and permitted them to settle throughout the entire country without restriction.{{No source|date=January 2025}} Soon Zbigniew and Bolesław decided to join forces and demanded that the reins of government should be handed over to them. Władysław agreed to divide the realm between the brothers, each to be granted his own province while he himself kept control of [[Mazovia]] and its capital at Płock. Władysław also retained control of the most important cities--''i.e.'', [[Wrocław]], [[Kraków]] and [[Sandomierz]]. Zbigniew's province encompassed [[Greater Poland]] including [[Gniezno]], [[Kuyavia]], [[Łęczyca]] and [[Sieradz]]. Bolesław's territory included [[Lesser Poland]], [[Silesia]] and [[Lubusz Land]]. However, Sieciech, alarmed by the evident diminution of his power, began to intrigue against the brothers. Władysław decided to support him against his own sons. Defeated, and after the mediation of Martin, Archbishop of Gniezno, the Duke was forced to confiscate Sieciech's properties and exiled him in 1101.{{No source|date=January 2025}}
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