Editing Vitamin E (section)

=== Tocopherols ===
[[Alpha-tocopherol]] is a [[fat-soluble]] [[antioxidant]] functioning within the [[glutathione peroxidase]] pathway,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wefers H, Sies H | title = The protection by ascorbate and glutathione against microsomal lipid peroxidation is dependent on vitamin E | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry | volume = 174 | issue = 2 | pages = 353–7 | date = June 1988 | pmid = 3383850 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14105.x | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> and protecting [[cell membrane]]s from oxidation by reacting with lipid radicals produced in the [[lipid peroxidation]] [[chain reaction]].<ref name=lpi /><ref name=traber>{{cite journal | vauthors = Traber MG, Atkinson J | title = Vitamin E, antioxidant and nothing more | journal = Free Radical Biology & Medicine | volume = 43 | issue = 1 | pages = 4–15 | date = July 2007 | pmid = 17561088 | pmc = 2040110 | doi = 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.024 }}</ref> This removes the [[free radical]] intermediates and prevents the [[oxidation]] reaction from continuing. The oxidized α-tocopheroxyl radicals produced in this process may be recycled back to the active reduced form through [[Organic redox reaction|reduction]] by other [[antioxidant]]s, such as [[ascorbate]], [[retinol]] or [[ubiquinol]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang X, Quinn PJ | title = Vitamin E and its function in membranes | journal = Progress in Lipid Research | volume = 38 | issue = 4 | pages = 309–36 | date = July 1999 | pmid = 10793887 | doi = 10.1016/S0163-7827(99)00008-9 }}</ref> Other forms of vitamin E have their own unique properties; for example, γ-tocopherol is a [[nucleophile]] that can react with [[electrophile|electrophilic]] [[mutagen]]s.<ref name=Brigelius1999>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brigelius-Flohé R, Traber MG | title = Vitamin E: function and metabolism | journal = FASEB Journal | volume = 13 | issue = 10 | pages = 1145–55 | date = July 1999 | pmid = 10385606 | doi = 10.1096/fasebj.13.10.1145 | s2cid = 7031925 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref>