Editing Vaccine (section)

== Safety ==
{{main|Adverse vaccine event}}
Vaccinations given to children, adolescents, or adults are generally safe.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dudley|first1=Matthew Z|last2=Halsey|first2=Neal A|last3=Omer|first3=Saad B|last4=Orenstein|first4=Walter A|last5=O'Leary|first5=Sean T|last6=Limaye|first6=Rupali J|last7=Salmon|first7=Daniel A|date=May 2020|title=The state of vaccine safety science: systematic reviews of the evidence |journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases|volume=20|issue=5|pages=e80–e89|doi=10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30130-4|pmid=32278359|s2cid=215751248|issn=1473-3099}}</ref><ref name=Mag2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Maglione MA, Das L, Raaen L, Smith A, Chari R, Newberry S, Shanman R, Perry T, Goetz MB, Gidengil C | title = Safety of vaccines used for routine immunization of U.S. children: a systematic review | journal = Pediatrics | volume = 134 | issue = 2 | pages = 325–337 | date = August 2014 | pmid = 25086160 | doi = 10.1542/peds.2014-1079 | url = http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2f93s53t | doi-access = free | access-date = 1 July 2019 | archive-date = 30 January 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200130171937/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f93s53t | url-status = live }}</ref> Adverse effects, if any, are generally mild.<ref name=CDC2013>{{cite web|title=Possible Side-effects from Vaccines|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/side-effects.htm|work=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|access-date=24 February 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317050028/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/side-effects.htm|archive-date=17 March 2017|date=12 July 2018}}</ref> The rate of side effects depends on the vaccine in question.<ref name=CDC2013/> Some common side effects include fever, pain around the injection site, and muscle aches.<ref name=CDC2013/> Additionally, some individuals may be allergic to ingredients in the vaccine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/flushot.htm|title=Seasonal Flu Shot – Seasonal Influenza |publisher=CDC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001040007/http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/flushot.htm|archive-date=1 October 2015|date=2 October 2018|access-date=17 September 2017}}</ref> The [[MMR vaccine]] is rarely associated with [[febrile seizure]]s.<ref name=Mag2014/>

Host-("vaccinee")-related determinants that render a person susceptible to infection, such as [[genetics]], health status (underlying disease, nutrition, pregnancy, [[Hypersensitivity|sensitivities]] or [[Allergy|allergies]]), [[Immunocompetence|immune competence]], age, and [[Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|economic impact]] or [[Synthetic psychological environment|cultural environment]] can be primary or secondary factors affecting the severity of infection and response to a vaccine.<ref name="wied">{{Cite journal|last1=Wiedermann|first1=Ursula|last2=Garner-Spitzer|first2=Erika|last3=Wagner|first3=Angelika|year=2016|title=Primary vaccine failure to routine vaccines: Why and what to do?|journal=Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics|volume=12|issue=1|pages=239–243|doi=10.1080/21645515.2015.1093263|issn=2164-554X|pmc=4962729|pmid=26836329|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> Elderly (above age 60), [[Type I hypersensitivity|allergen-hypersensitive]], and [[Obesity|obese]] people have susceptibility to compromised [[immunogenicity]], which prevents or inhibits vaccine effectiveness, possibly requiring separate vaccine technologies for these specific populations or repetitive [[Booster dose|booster vaccinations]] to limit [[Transmission (medicine)|virus transmission]].<ref name="wied" />

Severe side effects are extremely rare.<ref name=Mag2014/> [[Varicella vaccine]] is rarely associated with complications in [[immunodeficient]] individuals, and [[rotavirus vaccine]]s are moderately associated with [[intussusception (medical disorder)|intussusception]].<ref name=Mag2014/>

At least 19 countries have no-fault compensation programs to provide compensation for those with severe adverse effects of vaccination.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Looker |first1=Clare|last2= Heath|first2= Kelly | name-list-style = vanc |title=No-fault compensation following adverse events attributed to vaccination: a review of international programmes |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|year=2011 |volume=89|issue=5|pages=371–378|url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/5/10-081901/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811171023/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/5/10-081901/en/ |archive-date=11 August 2013 |publisher=Word Health Organisation|doi=10.2471/BLT.10.081901|pmid=21556305|pmc=3089384}}</ref> The United States' program is known as the [[National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act]], and the United Kingdom employs the [[Vaccine Damage Payment]].