Editing University of Vienna (section)

===Modern history===
[[File:Students riot at the University of Vienna after Nazi attempt to prevent Jews from entering the university.jpg|thumb|Students riot at the University of Vienna after a Nazi attempt to prevent Jews from entering the university ({{c.|1938}})]]
Significant changes were instituted in the wake of the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire|Revolution in 1848]], with the Philosophical Faculty being upgraded into equal status as Theology, Law and Medicine. Led by the reforms of [[Leopold, Count von Thun und Hohenstein]], the university was able to achieve a larger degree of academic freedom.<ref name=":0" /> The current main building on the {{lang|de|[[Ringstraße]]}} was built between 1877 and 1884 by [[Heinrich von Ferstel]]. The previous main building was located close to the ''Stuben'' Gate (Stubentor) on Iganz Seipel Square, the current home of the old University Church (''Universitätskirche'') and the [[Austrian Academy of Sciences]] (''Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften''). Women were admitted as full students in 1897, although their studies were limited to Philosophy. The remaining departments gradually followed suit, although with considerable delay: Medicine in 1900, Law in 1919, [[Protestant]] Theology in 1923, and finally [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] Theology in 1946.<ref name=":5" /> Ten years after the admission of the first female students, [[Elise Richter]] became the first woman to receive ''[[habilitation]]'', becoming professor of [[Romance languages]] in 1907; she was also the first female distinguished professor.

In the late 1920s, the university was in steady turmoil because of anti-democratic and anti-Semitic activity by parts of the student body. Professor [[Moritz Schlick]] was killed by a former student while ascending the steps of the university for a class. His murderer was later released by the Nazi regime. Following the [[Anschluss]], the annexation of Austria into Greater Germany by the [[Nazi regime]], in 1938 the University of Vienna was reformed under political aspects, and a huge number of teachers and students were dismissed for political and "racial" reasons.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gedenkbuch.univie.ac.at/index.php?L=2 |title=Memorial Book for the Victims of National Socialism at the University of Vienna in 1938 |access-date=26 July 2014 |work=University of Vienna |archive-date=1 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701163511/http://gedenkbuch.univie.ac.at/index.php?L=2 |url-status=live }}</ref> In April 1945, the then 22-year-old Kurt Schubert, later acknowledged [[doyen]] of [[Judaic Studies]] at the University of Vienna, was permitted by the [[Allied-occupied Austria|Soviet occupation forces]] to open the university again for teaching, which is why he is regarded as the unofficial first rector in the post-war period. On 25 April 1945, however, the constitutional lawyer [[Ludwig Adamovich]] senior was elected as the official rector of the University of Vienna. 

A large degree of participation by students and university staff was realized in 1975, however, the University Reforms of 1993 and 2002 largely re-established the professors as the main decision-makers. However, also as part of the 2002 reform, the university, after more than 250 years of being largely under governmental control, finally regained its full legal capacity. The number of faculties and centers was increased to 18, and the whole of the medical faculty was separated into the new [[Medical University of Vienna]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-16 |title=MedUni Wien: Facts & Figures |url=http://www.meduniwien.ac.at/homepage/1/content/general-information/facts-figures/ |access-date=2022-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316105128/http://www.meduniwien.ac.at/homepage/1/content/general-information/facts-figures/ |archive-date=16 March 2016 }}</ref>