Editing University of Bonn (section)

===Rhine University===
[[File:Friedrich Wilhelm III., König von Preußen (unbekannter Maler).jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Frederick William III of Prussia|Frederick William III]], founder of the university]]
[[File:2014-07-02 Koblenzer Tor, Bonn IMG 2077.jpg|thumb|Koblenz Gate with Adenauerallee]]
The new Rhine University (German: {{Lang|de|Rhein-Universität}}) was then founded on 18 October 1818 by Frederick William III. It was the sixth Prussian University, founded after the universities in [[University of Greifswald|Greifswald]], [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin]], [[University of Königsberg|Königsberg]], [[Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg|Halle]] and [[University of Wrocław|Breslau]]. The new university was equally shared between the two Christian denominations. This was one of the reasons why Bonn, with its tradition of a nonsectarian university, was chosen over Cologne and Duisburg. Apart from a school of Roman Catholic theology and a school of Protestant theology, the university had schools for medicine, law and philosophy. Initially 35 professors and eight adjunct professors were teaching in Bonn.

The university constitution was adopted in 1827. In the spirit of [[Wilhelm von Humboldt]] the constitution emphasized the autonomy of the university and the unity of teaching and research. Similar to the [[Humboldt University of Berlin|University of Berlin]], which was founded in 1810, the new constitution made the University of Bonn a [[History of European research universities#European university models in the 19th and 20th centuries|modern research university]].

Only one year after the inception of the Rhein University the [[dramatist]] [[August von Kotzebue]] was murdered by [[Karl Ludwig Sand]], a student at the [[Friedrich Schiller University of Jena|University of Jena]]. The [[Carlsbad Decrees]], introduced on 20 September 1819 led to a general crackdown on universities, the dissolution of the [[Burschenschaft]]en and the introduction of censorship laws. One victim was the author and poet [[Ernst Moritz Arndt]], who, freshly appointed university professor in Bonn, was banned from teaching. Only after the death of Frederick William III in 1840 was he reinstated in his professorship. Another consequence of the [[Carlsbad Decrees]] was the refusal by Frederick William III to confer the chain of office, the official seal and an official name to the new university. The Rhine University was thus nameless until 1840, when the new King of Prussia, [[Frederick William IV of Prussia|Frederick William IV]] gave it the official name {{Lang|de|Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität}}. (This last sentence conflicts with pg. 176 of {{Lang|de|Die Preussischen Universitäten}}, which states a cabinet order on 28 June 1828 gave the university the following name: {{Lang|de|Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität}}.)<ref>Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Koch: Die Preussischen Universitäten, vol. 1, Berlin: Posen und Bromberg: 1839, pg. 176.</ref>

Despite these problems, the university grew and attracted scholars and students. At the end of the 19th century the university was also known as the {{Lang|de|Prinzenuniversität}} (English: 'Princes' university'), as many of the sons of the king of Prussia studied here. In 1900, the university had 68 chairs, 23 adjunct chairs, two honorary professors, 57 [[Privatdozent]]en and six lecturers. Since 1896, women were allowed to attend classes as guest auditors at universities in Prussia. In 1908 the University of Bonn became fully coeducational.