Editing Uganda (section)

===Uganda Protectorate (1894–1962)===
{{main|Protectorate of Uganda}}

[[File:Flag of the Uganda Protectorate.svg|thumb|Flag of the [[Protectorate of Uganda]]]]

The [[Protectorate of Uganda]] was a [[protectorate]] of the [[British Empire]] from 1894 to 1962. In 1893, the [[Imperial British East Africa Company]] transferred its administration rights of territory consisting mainly of the Kingdom of [[Buganda]] to the British government. The [[Imperial British East Africa Company|IBEAC]] relinquished its control over Uganda after Ugandan internal religious wars had driven it into bankruptcy.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Griffiths|first=Tudor|date=2001|title=Bishop Alfred Tucker and the Establishment of a British Protectorate in Uganda 1890-94|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jra/31/1/article-p92_4.xml|journal=Journal of Religion in Africa|volume=31|issue=1|pages=92–114|doi=10.1163/157006601X00040|issn=0022-4200|access-date=2 January 2021|archive-date=28 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128203602/https://brill.com/view/journals/jra/31/1/article-p92_4.xml|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1894, the Uganda Protectorate was established, and the territory was extended beyond the borders of Buganda by signing more treaties with the other kingdoms ([[Toro (kingdom)|Toro]] in 1900,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Steinhart|first=Edward I.|date=1973|title=Royal Clientage and the Beginnings of Colonial Modernization in Toro, 1891-1900|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/216778|journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies|volume=6|issue=2|pages=265–285|doi=10.2307/216778|jstor=216778|issn=0361-7882|access-date=2 January 2021|archive-date=25 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425033247/https://www.jstor.org/stable/216778|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Ankole]] in 1901, and [[Bunyoro]] in 1933<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Thousand Years of Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom - The People and the Rulers (Fountain Publishers, 1994, 153 p.): Appendix III: The Bunyoro Agreement 1955|url=http://www.nzdl.org/gsdlmod?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.10&d=HASHc3697d0c37be5024d365b7.14&x=1|access-date=2 January 2021|website=www.nzdl.org|archive-date=2 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202021216/http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.10&d=HASHc3697d0c37be5024d365b7.14&x=1|url-status=live}}</ref>) to an area that roughly corresponds to that of present-day Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web|last=joz|first=Jaynnielaw|date=22 March 2015|title=The Wars of Religion 1888-1892|url=https://v2040rc.wordpress.com/uganda-country-facts/education-cultural-transformation/the-wars-of-religion-1888-1892/|access-date=2 January 2021|website=DISCOVER UGANDA, TOUR UGANDA, VOLUNTEER UGANDA & SERVE UGANDA|language=en|archive-date=29 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129063759/https://v2040rc.wordpress.com/uganda-country-facts/education-cultural-transformation/the-wars-of-religion-1888-1892/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The status of [[Protectorate]] had significantly different consequences for Uganda than had the region been made a colony like neighboring [[Kenya]], insofar as Uganda retained a degree of self-government that would have otherwise been limited under a full colonial administration.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Dietz|first1=A. J.|last2=Studiecentrum|first2=Afrika|date=2017|title=Uganda Protectorate 1895-1902|url=https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/handle/1887/52081|access-date=2 January 2021|website=African Postal Heritage (APH) papers|archive-date=31 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331012511/https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/handle/1887/52081|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 1890s, 32,000 labourers from British India were [[Indian diaspora in East Africa|recruited to East Africa]] under indentured labour contracts to construct the [[Uganda Railway]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/762515.stm | title=Kenya's Asian heritage on display | publisher=[[BBC]] | last=Evans | first=Ruth | date=24 May 2000 | access-date=18 January 2017 | archive-date=28 September 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928151943/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/762515.stm | url-status=live }}</ref> Most of the surviving Indians returned home, but 6,724 decided to remain in East Africa after the line's completion.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theeagora.com/the-lunatic-express-a-photo-essay-on-the-uganda-railway/ | title=THE LUNATIC EXPRESS – A PHOTO ESSAY ON THE UGANDA RAILWAY. | publisher=[[Thee Agora]] | last=Chao | date=26 October 2014 | access-date=18 January 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422095958/http://www.theeagora.com/the-lunatic-express-a-photo-essay-on-the-uganda-railway/ | archive-date=22 April 2016 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }}</ref> Subsequently, some became traders and took control of cotton ginning and sartorial retail.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.open.ac.uk/Arts/ferguson-centre/working-papers/working-paper-draft-3-stewart-west.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930230140/http://www.open.ac.uk/Arts/ferguson-centre/working-papers/working-paper-draft-3-stewart-west.pdf | url-status=dead | archive-date=30 September 2015 | title=Policing, Colonial Life and Decolonisation in Uganda, 1957–1960 | publisher=The Ferguson Centre for African and Asian Studies, Working Paper No. 03 | last=West | first=Stewart | date=February 2012 | pages=3–4}}</ref>

From 1900 to 1920, a [[African trypanosomiasis|sleeping sickness]] epidemic in the southern part of Uganda, along the north shores of Lake Victoria, killed more than 250,000 people.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Reanalyzing the 1900–1920 Sleeping Sickness Epidemic in Uganda | publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | location=US | journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases | last1=Fèvre | first1=E. M. | last2=Coleman | first2=P. G. | last3=Welburn | first3=S. C. | last4=Maudlin | first4=I. | date=April 2004 | volume=10 | issue=4 | pages=567–573 | doi=10.3201/eid1004.020626 | pmid=15200843 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

[[World War II]] encouraged the colonial administration of Uganda to recruit 77,143 soldiers to serve in the [[King's African Rifles]].{{citation needed|date=December 2023}} They were seen in action in the [[Western Desert campaign]], the [[East African campaign (World War II)|Abyssinian campaign]], the [[Battle of Madagascar]] and the [[Burma campaign]].