Editing Tyrannosaurus (section)

===Skeleton discovery and naming===
[[File:Tyrannosaurus skeleton.jpg|thumb|Outdated skeletal restoration by [[William Diller Matthew|William D. Matthew]] from 1905, published alongside Osborn's description paper]]
[[Barnum Brown]], assistant curator of the [[American Museum of Natural History]], found the first partial skeleton of ''T. rex'' in eastern Wyoming in 1900. Brown found another partial skeleton in the [[Hell Creek Formation]] in Montana in 1902, comprising approximately 34 fossilized bones.<ref name="osborn1905" /> Writing at the time Brown said "Quarry No. 1 contains the femur, pubes, humerus, three vertebrae and two undetermined bones of a large Carnivorous Dinosaur not described by [[Othniel Charles Marsh|Marsh]].&nbsp;... I have never seen anything like it from the [[Cretaceous]]."<ref name="dingus2010" /> [[Henry Fairfield Osborn]], president of the [[American Museum of Natural History]], named the second skeleton ''T. rex'' in 1905. The generic name is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] words {{lang|grc|τύραννος}} ({{translit|grc|tyrannos}}, meaning "tyrant") and {{lang|grc|[[wikt:σαῦρος|σαῦρος]]}} ({{translit|grc|sauros}}, meaning "lizard"). Osborn used the [[Latin language|Latin]] word {{lang|la|rex}}, meaning "king", for the specific name. The full [[Binomial nomenclature|binomial]] therefore translates to "tyrant lizard the king" or "King Tyrant Lizard", emphasizing the animal's size and presumed dominance over other species of the time.<ref name="osborn1905" />

[[File:Dynamosaurus holotype.jpg|thumb|left|''Dynamosaurus imperiosus'' [[holotype]] (NHMUK PV R8020, previously AMNH 5886) on display at the [[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]]]]
Osborn named the other specimen ''Dynamosaurus imperiosus'' in a paper in 1905.<ref name="osborn1905" /> In 1906, Osborn recognized that the two skeletons were from the same species and selected ''Tyrannosaurus'' as the preferred name.<ref name="osborn1906" /> In 1941, the ''T. rex'' type specimen was sold to the [[Carnegie Museum of Natural History]] in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for $7,000.<ref name="dingus2010">{{Cite book |title=Barnum Brown: The Man Who Discovered ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' |url=https://archive.org/details/barnumbrownmanwh00ding |url-access=limited |last1=Dingus |first1=L. |last2=Norell |first2=M. |date=May 3, 2010 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-94552-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/barnumbrownmanwh00ding/page/n106 90], 124}}</ref> The original ''Dynamosaurus'' material now resides in the collections of the [[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]], London.<ref name="Breithaupt">{{Cite journal |last1=Breithaupt |first1=B. H. |last2=Southwell |first2=E. H. |last3=Matthews |first3=N. A. |date=2006 |editor-last=Lucas |editor-first=S. G. |editor2-last=Sullivan |editor2-first=R. M. |title=''Dynamosaurus imperiosus'' and the earliest discoveries of ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' in Wyoming and the West |url=http://econtent.unm.edu/utils/getdownloaditem/collection/bulletins/id/693/filename/694.pdf/mapsto/pdf |format=PDF |journal=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin |volume=35 |page=258 |quote=The original skeleton of ''Dynamosaurus imperiosus'' (AMNH 5866/BM R7995), together with other ''T. rex'' material (including parts of AMNH 973, 5027, and 5881), were sold to the British Museum of Natural History (now The Natural History Museum) in 1960. This material was used in an interesting 'half-mount' display of this dinosaur in London. Currently the material resides in the research collections. |archive-date=August 1, 2019 |access-date=June 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801022355/http://econtent.unm.edu/utils/getdownloaditem/collection/bulletins/id/693/filename/694.pdf/mapsto/pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Dynamosaurus'' would later be honored by the 2018 description of another species of tyrannosaurid by Andrew McDonald and colleagues, ''[[Dynamoterror dynastes]]'', whose name was chosen in reference to the 1905 name, as it had been a "childhood favorite" of McDonald's.<ref name="McDonald2018">{{Cite journal |last1=McDonald |first1=A. T. |last2=Wolfe |first2=D. G. |last3=Dooley |first3=A. C. Jr. |date=2018 |title=A new tyrannosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous Menefee Formation of New Mexico |journal=PeerJ |volume=6 |page=6:e5749 |doi=10.7717/peerj.5749 |pmid=30324024|pmc=6183510 |doi-access=free  |issn = 2167-8359}}</ref>

From the 1910s through the end of the 1950s, Barnum's discoveries remained the only specimens of ''Tyrannosaurus'', as the [[Great Depression]] and wars kept many paleontologists out of the field.<ref name="larson2008" />