Editing Turboprop (section)

==Usage==
[[File:Lockheed C-130 Hercules.jpg|thumb|A [[military transport aircraft]], over 2,500 [[Lockheed C-130 Hercules]] have been built]]

In contrast to [[turbofan]]s, turboprops are most efficient at flight speeds below 725&nbsp;km/h (450&nbsp;mph; 390 knots) because the jet velocity of the propeller (and exhaust) is relatively low.{{citation needed|date=April 2023}} Modern turboprop airliners operate at nearly the same speed as small [[regional jet]] airliners but burn two-thirds of the fuel per passenger.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/reports/more-turboprops-coming-to-the-market---maybe-30634 |title=More turboprops coming to the market – maybe|work=CAPA – Centre for Aviation|date=2010-07-09}}</ref>

[[File:Svensk flygambulans97.jpg|thumb|The [[Beech King Air]] and [[Super King Air]] are the most popular turboprop [[business aircraft]], with a combined 7,300 deliveries as of May 2018<ref>{{cite press release |url= https://txtav.com/en/newsroom/2018/05/beechcraft-king-air-350i-rolls-out-improved-situational-awareness-navigation |date= 30 May 2018 |title= Beechcraft King Air 350i rolls out improved situational awareness, navigation |publisher= Textron Aviation}}</ref>]]

Compared to piston engines, their greater [[power-to-weight ratio]] (which allows for shorter takeoffs) and reliability can offset their higher initial cost, maintenance and fuel consumption. As [[jet fuel]] can be easier to obtain than [[avgas]] in remote areas, turboprop-powered aircraft like the [[Cessna Caravan]] and [[Quest Kodiak]] are used as [[bush airplane]]s.

Turboprop engines are generally used on small subsonic aircraft, but the [[Tupolev Tu-114]] can reach {{convert|470|kn|km/h mph|abbr=on}}. Large [[military aviation|military aircraft]], like the [[Tupolev Tu-95]], and [[civil aviation|civil aircraft]], such as the [[Lockheed L-188 Electra]], were also turboprop powered. The [[Airbus A400M]] is powered by four [[Europrop TP400]] engines, which are the second most powerful turboprop engines ever produced, after the {{cvt|11|MW}} [[Kuznetsov NK-12]].

In 2017, the most widespread turboprop [[airliner]]s in service were the [[ATR 42]]/[[ATR 72|72]] (950 aircraft), [[Bombardier Q400]] (506), [[De Havilland Canada Dash 8]]-100/200/300 (374), [[Beechcraft 1900]] (328), [[de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter]] (270), [[Saab 340]] (225).<ref name=2017census>{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-787-stars-in-annual-airliner-census-439552/ |title= 787 stars in annual airliner census |work= Flightglobal |date= 14 August 2017}}</ref> Less widespread and older airliners include the [[BAe Jetstream 31]], [[Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia]], [[Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner]], [[Dornier 328]], [[Saab 2000]], [[Xian MA60]], [[Xian MA600|MA600]] and [[Xian MA700|MA700]], [[Fokker 27]] and [[Fokker 50|50]].

Turboprop [[business aircraft]] include the [[Piper Meridian]], [[Socata TBM]], [[Pilatus PC-12]], [[Piaggio P.180 Avanti]], [[Beechcraft King Air]] and [[Super King Air]]. In April 2017, there were 14,311 business turboprops in the worldwide fleet.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.amstatcorp.com/pages/PressReleases/AMSTAT%20Press%20Release-Market%20Update%20Report%2027-Apr-2017.pdf |title= Business Aviation Market Update Report |date= April 2017 |publisher= [[AMSTAT, Inc.]] |archive-date= 25 June 2021 |access-date= 27 August 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210625141931/http://www.amstatcorp.com/pages/PressReleases/AMSTAT%20Press%20Release-Market%20Update%20Report%2027-Apr-2017.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref>

===Reliability===

Between 2012 and 2016, the [[Australian Transport Safety Bureau|ATSB]] observed 417 events with turboprop aircraft, 83 per year, over 1.4 million flight hours: 2.2 per 10,000 hours.<!--<ref name=AIN25jun2018A>-->
Three were "high risk" involving engine malfunction and unplanned landing in single‑engine [[Cessna 208 Caravan]]s, four "medium risk" and 96% "low risk".<!--<ref name=AIN25jun2018B>-->
Two occurrences resulted in minor injuries due to engine malfunction and terrain collision in [[agricultural aircraft]] and five accidents involved aerial work: four in agriculture and one in an [[air ambulance]].<ref name=AIN25jun2018C>{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2018-06-25/atsb-study-finds-turboprop-engines-safe-reliable |title= ATSB Study Finds Turboprop Engines Safe, Reliable |author= Gordon Gilbert |date= 25 June 2018}}</ref>