Editing Treason (section)

===Australia===
In Australia, there are federal and state laws against treason, specifically in the states of [[New South Wales]], [[South Australia]] and Victoria. Similarly to [[Treason laws in the United States]], citizens of Australia owe allegiance to their [[Monarchy of Australia|sovereign]] at the federal and state level.

The federal law defining treason in Australia is provided under section 80.1 of the Criminal Code, contained in the schedule of the Commonwealth Criminal Code Act 1995.<ref>{{cite web|title=Criminal Code Act 1995 – Schedule The Criminal Code|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/cca1995115/sch1.html|work=Commonwealth Consolidated Acts|publisher=Australasian Legal Information Institute|access-date=17 November 2012}}</ref> It defines treason as follows:

{{blockquote|A person commits an offence, called treason, if the person:
:(a) causes the death of the Sovereign, the heir apparent of the Sovereign, the consort of the Sovereign, the Governor-General or the Prime Minister; or
:(b) causes harm to the Sovereign, the Governor-General or the Prime Minister resulting in the death of the Sovereign, the Governor-General or the Prime Minister; or
:(c) causes harm to the Sovereign, the Governor-General or the Prime Minister, or imprisons or restrains the Sovereign, the Governor-General or the Prime Minister; or
:(d) levies war, or does any act preparatory to levying war, against the Commonwealth; or
:(e) engages in conduct that assists by any means whatever, with intent to assist, an enemy:
::(i) at war with the Commonwealth, whether or not the existence of a state of war has been declared; and
::(ii) specified by Proclamation made for the purpose of this paragraph to be an enemy at war with the Commonwealth; or
:(f) engages in conduct that assists by any means whatever, with intent to assist:
::(i) another country; or
::(ii) an organisation;
:that is engaged in armed hostilities against the Australian Defence Force; or
:(g) instigates a person who is not an Australian citizen to make an armed invasion of the Commonwealth or a Territory of the Commonwealth; or
:(h) forms an intention to do any act referred to in a preceding paragraph and manifests that intention by an [[overt act]].}}

A person is not guilty of treason under paragraphs (e), (f) or (h) if their assistance or intended assistance is purely humanitarian in nature.

The maximum penalty for treason is [[life imprisonment]]. Section 80.1AC of the Act creates the related offence of [[treachery (law)|treachery]].

====New South Wales====
The [[Treason Act 1351]], the [[Treason Act 1795]] and the [[Treason Act 1817]] form part of the law of [[New South Wales]]. The [[Treason Act 1795]] and the [[Treason Act 1817]] have been repealed by Section 11 of the [[Crimes Act 1900]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Crimes Act 1900 – Section 11|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/ca190082/s11.html|work=New South Wales Consolidated Acts|publisher=Australasian Legal Information Institute|access-date=17 November 2012}}</ref> except in so far as they relate to the compassing, imagining, inventing, devising, or intending death or destruction, or any bodily harm tending to death or destruction, maim, or wounding, imprisonment, or restraint of the person of the heirs and successors of King [[George III]] the United Kingdom, and the expressing, uttering, or declaring of such compassings, imaginations, inventions, devices, or intentions, or any of them.

Section 12 of the [[Crimes Act 1900]] (NSW) creates an offence which is derived from section 3 of the [[Treason Felony Act 1848]]:<ref>{{cite web|title=Crimes Act 1900 – Section 12|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/ca190082/s12.html|work=New South Wales Consolidated Acts|publisher=Australasian Legal Information Institute|access-date=17 November 2012}}</ref>

{{blockquote|12 Compassing etc deposition of the Sovereign–overawing Parliament etc

Whosoever, within New South Wales or without, compasses, imagines, invents, devises, or intends to deprive or depose Our Most Gracious Lady the Queen, her heirs or successors, from the style, honour, or Royal name of the Imperial Crown of the United Kingdom, or of any other of Her Majesty's dominions and countries, or to levy war against Her Majesty, her heirs or successors, within any part of the United Kingdom, or any other of Her Majesty's dominions, in order, by force or constraint, to compel her or them to change her or their measures or counsels, or in order to put any force or constraint upon, or in order to intimidate or overawe, both Houses or either House of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, or the Parliament of New South Wales, or to move or stir any foreigner or stranger with force to invade the United Kingdom, or any other of Her Majesty's dominions, or countries under the obeisance of Her Majesty, her heirs or successors, and expresses, utters, or declares such compassings, imaginations, inventions, devices, or intentions, or any of them, by publishing any printing or writing, or by open and advised speaking, or by any overt act or deed, shall be liable to imprisonment for 25 years.}}

Section 16 provides that nothing in Part 2 repeals or affects anything enacted by the [[Treason Act 1351]] (25 Edw.3 c. 2).<ref>{{cite web|title=Crimes Act 1900 – Section 16|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/ca190082/s16.html|work=New South Wales Consolidated Acts|publisher=Australasian Legal Information Institute|access-date=17 November 2012}}</ref> This section reproduces section 6 of the [[Treason Felony Act 1848]].

====Victoria====
The offence of treason was created by section 9A(1) of the [[Crimes Act 1958]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Crimes Act 1958 – Section 9A|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/vic/consol_act/ca195882/s9a.html|work=Victorian Consolidated Acts|publisher=Australasian Legal Information Institute|access-date=17 November 2012}}</ref> It is punishable by a maximum penalty of life imprisonment.

====South Australia====
In South Australia, treason is defined under Section 7 of the South Australia Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 and punished under Section 10A. Any person convicted of treason against South Australia will receive a mandatory sentence of [[life imprisonment]].