Editing Transphobia (section)

==<span class="anchor" id="cissexism"></span><span class="anchor" id="cisgenderism"></span><span class="anchor" id="cisnormativity"></span>Related concepts==
[[Cissexism]] (also termed cisgenderism, and related to but distinct from [[cisnormativity]] or cissexual assumption) is the appeal to norms that enforce the [[gender binary]] and [[gender essentialism]], resulting in the oppression of [[gender variant]], [[non-binary gender|non-binary]], and transgender [[gender identity|identities]].<ref name="Stitt">{{Cite book|title=ACT For Gender Identity: The Comprehensive Guide |last=Stitt|first=Alex|date=2020|publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers|isbn=978-1785927997|location=London|oclc=1089850112}}</ref> Cissexism refers to the assumption that, due to human [[sexual differentiation]], one's [[gender]] is determined solely by a [[biological sex]] of male or female (or, in the case of cisgenderism, a bivalent male or female expression), and that trans people are inferior to [[cisgender]] people.<ref name="Lennon-2014">{{cite journal|last1= Lennon|first1= Erica|last2= Mistler|first2= Brian|date= 2014|title= Cisgenderism |journal=[[TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly]] |volume=1 |issue=1–2 |pages=63–64 |doi= 10.1215/23289252-2399623|doi-access= free}}</ref> ''Cisgender privilege'' is the set of "unearned rights afforded to nontransgender people by virtue of the fact that they are not transgender", such as access to gender-segregated spaces and teams, lower exposure to gender-based violence, and easier access to gender-specific healthcare.<ref name="Nadal-SAGE">Kevin L. Nadal, ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender'' (2017), page 667</ref><!-- <ref>{{cite book|last1=Walls|first1=N. E.|last2=Costello|first2=K.|title=Explorations in diversity: Examining privilege and oppression in a multicultural society, 2nd ed.|date=2010|publisher=Brooks/Cole|location=Belmont, CA|pages=81–93}}</ref>{{Page range too broad|date=November 2021}} -->

Harassment and violence directed against transgender people is often called [[trans bashing]], and can be physical, sexual or verbal. Whereas [[gay bashing]] is directed against a target's real or perceived [[sexual orientation]], trans bashing is directed against the target's real or perceived expressed gender identity. The term has also been applied to [[hate speech]] directed at transgender people<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.washingtonblade.com/2007/4-27/view/columns/10484.cfm |title=Demagogues of defamation Gay: Where is the outrage when cable TV's talking heads trash trans people? |work=Washington Blade - America's Leading Gay News Source |access-date=3 October 2012 |archive-date=11 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311144020/http://www.washingtonblade.com/2007/4-27/view/columns/10484.cfm }}</ref> and to depictions of transgender people in the media that reinforce negative [[stereotype]]s about them.<ref name="McNamara-2001">{{cite news |first=Mary|last=McNamara|title=Transgender Artists, Work Gaining Acceptance|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=8 February 2001 }}</ref>

<!-- PLEASE NOTE: When the article Transprejudice was merged into this article, consensus was reached ([[Talk:Transphobia/Archive 2#Merge proposal]]) that that term must remain in this article. Thus, please do not remove references to the term "transprejudice" from this article without discussing it first. -->
''Transprejudice'' is a term similar to transphobia, and refers to the negative valuing, stereotyping, and discriminatory treatment of individuals whose appearance or identity does not conform to current social expectations or conventional conceptions of gender.<ref>King, M., Webster, B., & Winter, S. (2007). Transprejudice in Hong Kong: Chinese Attitudes Towards Transgenderism and Transgender Civil Rights (under review)</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=King |first=Mark Edward |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zpSPAQAACAAJ |title=Transprejudice in Hong Kong: Chinese Attitudes Towards Transgenderism and Transgender Civil Rights |date=27 January 2017 |publisher=BiblioBazaar |isbn=9781361440773}}</ref>