Editing Tokyo (section)

=== Pre-Tokugawa period ===
The site of Tokyo has been inhabited since ancient times.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-11 |title=Tokyo {{!}} Japan, Population, Map, History, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Tokyo |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> There have been multiple [[Japanese Paleolithic|Paleolithic period]] (around 40,000–16,000BC.) sites found in present-day Tokyo. During the subsequent [[Jōmon period|Jomon period]], the [[Holocene glacial retreat]] caused sea levels in [[Tokyo Bay]] to rise by 120 cm, with the coastline running along the edge of what is now the [[Tokyo Imperial Palace|Imperial Palace]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=葛飾区史{{pipe}}第1章 葛飾の風土と自然 |url=https://www.city.katsushika.lg.jp/history/history/1-2-2-26-1.html |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=www.city.katsushika.lg.jp |archive-date=December 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203053754/https://www.city.katsushika.lg.jp/history/history/1-2-2-26-1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Middens such as the [[Omori Shell Mounds]] still mark where the coastline ran in those days.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Omori shell mounds |url=https://www.city.shinagawa.tokyo.jp/jigyo/06/historyhp/kaizuka/kaizuka.html |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=www.city.shinagawa.tokyo.jp}}</ref> The [[Yayoi period]], during which agriculture spread across the country, is named after the [[Yayoi 2-chōme Site]] in [[Bunkyō|Bunkyo]], where the first example of [[Yayoi pottery]] was excavated in 1884 by [[Shōzō Arisaka|Shozo Arisaka]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yayoi 2-chome site |url=https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/160938 |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=bunka.nii.ac.jp |language=ja}}</ref>

In 534, a large-scale conflict was recorded in the area, as a result of which Kasahara no Omi, the victor, was appointed ''[[Kuni no miyatsuko|Kuni no Miyatsuko]]'' (provincial governor) by [[Emperor Ankan]].<ref>城倉正祥. (2011). ''武蔵国造争乱: 研究の現状と課題'' (Doctoral dissertation, Waseda University).</ref> [[Sensō-ji|Senso-ji]] in Asakusa was founded in 645. Under the [[Ritsuryō|''Ritsuryō'' system]] established during the [[Asuka period]], most of present-day Tokyo was part of [[Musashi Province]]. Following the fall of the [[Baekje|Kingdom of Baekje]] after the [[Battle of Baekgang]] in the 660s, thousands of refugees were resettled in Musashi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Settlement of the Toraijin |url=https://adeac.jp/lib-city-tama/text-list/d100010/ht040830 |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=adeac.jp}}</ref>

During the [[Heian period]], Edo was first fortified by the [[Edo clan]] in the late twelfth century. In 1457, [[Ōta Dōkan]] built [[Edo Castle]] to defend the region from the [[Chiba clan]]. After Dōkan was assassinated in 1486, the Ohgigayatsu branch of the [[Uesugi clan]] possessed the castle and the area. The [[Later Hōjō clan]] replaced them after the [[Battle of Takanawahara]] in 1524. The Later Hōjō clan was defeated by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] during the [[Siege of Odawara (1590)|Siege of Odawara]] in 1590.<ref>{{Cite web |title=小田原市 {{!}} 小田原合戦 |url=https://www.city.odawara.kanagawa.jp/encycl/neohojo5/011/ |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=小田原市 |language=ja}}</ref>