Editing Ticino (river) (section)

==History==
The legendary Gallic leader [[Bellovesus]] was said to have defeated the [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscans]] here in circa 600 BC. Ticino was the location of the [[Battle of Ticinus]], the first battle of the [[Second Punic War]] fought between the [[Carthage|Carthaginian]] forces of [[Hannibal]] and the [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Publius Cornelius Scipio (consul 218 BC)|Publius Cornelius Scipio]] in November 218 BC.

In the Middle Ages [[Pavia]] (first capital of the [[Kingdom of the Lombards]] and then of the [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|kingdom of Italy]]) was, thanks to the waters of the Ticino, a fundamental hub for communications and trade between [[Venice]] and the [[Po Valley|Po valley]]. Furthermore, still in Pavia, there was the only brick bridge ([[ponte Coperto]]) which until the 19th century crossed the Ticino from Lake Maggiore to the Po.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Romanoni |first1=Fabio |title=Guerra e navi sui fiumi dell'Italia settentrionale (secoli XII- XIV) |journal=Archivio Storico Lombardo |date=2008 |volume=134 |pages=11–43 |url=https://www.academia.edu/21463521/Guerra_e_navi_sui_fiumi_dellItalia_settentrionale_secoli_XII-_XIV_-_Archivio_Storico_Lombardo_CXXXIV_2008_ |access-date=1 February 2023 |language=it |issn=0392-0232}}</ref>

A wooden bridge was built by the [[Visconti of Milan|Visconti]] in [[Vigevano]] in the early fourteenth century, but it was set on fire by the [[Pavia]] fleet in 1315, rebuilt by [[Luchino Visconti (died 1349)|Luchino Visconti]], it was destroyed again by the Pavia in 1356 and never rebuilt.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Romanoni |first1=Fabio |title=La guerra d’acqua dolce. Navi e conflitti medievali nell’Italia settentrionale |date=2023 |publisher=Clueb |location=Bologna |isbn=978-88-31365-53-6 |pages=55–58 |url=https://www.academia.edu/100479472/La_guerra_d_acqua_dolce_Navi_e_conflitti_medievali_nell_Italia_settentrionale |access-date=27 April 2023}}</ref>

The Ticino was in the territory of the [[Duchy of Milan]] during much of the later medieval and early modern period, although its upper portion as far as [[Bellinzona]] in 1500 and as far as the shores of [[Lago Maggiore]] in 1513, fell to the [[Old Swiss Confederacy]] as a result of the [[Transalpine campaigns of the Old Swiss Confederacy|Swiss campaigns]] in the [[Italian Wars]].