Editing Temecula, California (section)

===1800–1900===
Little is known about the early 1800s because Temecula records were destroyed in the fire that followed the [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Temecula |url=https://www.temeculaca.gov/150/History-of-Temecula |website=The City of Temecula |publisher=Temecula.gov |access-date=December 12, 2021}}</ref>

In 1798, Spanish missionaries established the Mission of San Luis Rey de Francia and designated the Indians living in the region as "Sanluiseños", shortened to "Luiseños".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pechanga-nsn.gov/page?pageId=6|title=The Pechanga Band of Luiseño Indians|website=Pechanga-nsn.gov|access-date=August 31, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070708141247/http://www.pechanga-nsn.gov/page?pageId=6|archive-date=July 8, 2007}}</ref> In the 1820s, the nearby [[Mission San Antonio de Pala]] was built.

The [[Ranchos of California|Mexican land grants]] made in the Temecula area were [[Rancho Temecula]], granted to Felix Valdez, and to the east [[Rancho Pauba]], granted to Vicente Moraga in 1844. [[Rancho Little Temecula]] was made in 1845 to Luiseño Pablo Apis, one of the few former mission converts to be given a land grant. It was fertile well watered land at the southern end of the valley, which included the village of Temecula.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/91fall/images/p260.gif|title=Map of the Apis Grant|website=Sandiegohistory.org|access-date=August 31, 2017}}</ref><ref>[https://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/91fall/temecula.htm Leland E. Bibb, "Pablo Apis and Temecula", ''The Journal of San Diego History,'' Fall 1991, Volume 37, Number 4, p.260] Temecula and vicinity, showing the relationship of the Apis Adobe to modern highways and downtown Temecula</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/91fall/images/p264.gif|title=Map of the village of Temecula and vicinity, showing the several historical sites which clustered around the mission-era pond.|website=Sandiegohistory.org|access-date=August 31, 2017}}</ref><ref>Bibb, "Pablo Apis and Temecula", ''The Journal of San Diego History'', p. 264</ref> A fourth grant, known as [[Rancho Santa Rosa (Moreno)|Rancho Santa Rosa]], was made to Juan Moreno in 1846, and was in the hills to the west of Temecula.

On December 6, 1846, at the [[Battle of San Pasqual]], [[Andrés Pico]] led [[Californio]]s to kill over twenty of U.S. General [[Stephen W. Kearny]]'s men. Subsequently, in January 1847, José Lugo with [[Cahuilla]] Indians came to the [[Temecula Valley]] in pursuit of the [[Luiseño]] Indians and killed an unknown number, about 40–100 of them, reportedly, in the canyon just west of the current [[Vail Lake]] Dam.<ref>{{cite web |title=Temecula Massacre |url=https://www.temeculaca.gov/155/Temecula-Massacre  |website=The City of Temecula |publisher=Temecula.gov |access-date=December 12, 2021}}</ref>

As American settlers moved into the area after the war, conflict with the native tribes increased. A [[Outline of United States federal Indian law and policy#treaties|treaty]] was signed in the Magee Store in Temecula in 1852, but was never ratified by the [[United States Senate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol4/html_files/v4p1124.html|title=INDIAN AFFAIRS: LAWS AND TREATIES. Vol. IV, Laws|first=Oklahoma State University|last=Library|website=Digital.library.okstate.edu|access-date=August 31, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101024194614/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol4/html_files/v4p1124.html|archive-date=October 24, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> In addition, the Luiseños challenged the Mexican land grant claims, as, under Mexican law, the land was held in trust to be distributed to the local Indian tribes after becoming subjects.<ref>Beebe, 2001, page 71</ref><ref>Fink, 1972, pages 63–64.</ref> They challenged the Apis claim to the Little Temecula Rancho by taking the case to the [[Public Land Commission|1851 California Land Commission]]. On November 15, 1853, the commission rejected the Luiseño claim; an appeal in 1856 to the district court was found to be in favor of the heirs of Pablo Apis (he had died in late 1853 or early 1854). The Luiseño of Temecula village remained on the south side of Temecula Creek when the Apis grant was acquired by Louis Wolf in 1872; they were evicted in 1875.<ref>[https://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/74winter/temecula.htm Kurt Van Horn, ''Tempting Temecula, The Making and Unmaking of a Southern California Community'', ''The Journal of San Diego History'', Winter 1974, Volume 20, Number 1.]</ref>

A [[stagecoach]] line started a local route from Warner Ranch to [[Colton, California|Colton]] in 1857 that passed through the Temecula Valley. Within a year, the [[Butterfield Overland Mail]] stagecoach line, with a route between [[St. Louis, Missouri]], and San Francisco, stopped at Temecula's Magee Store.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Barnett|first=Loretta, and Rebecca Farnbach.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N3YdIVn87xgC&dq=overland+trail+Temecula%27s+Magee+Store&pg=PA6|title=Temecula|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|year=2006|isbn=0738530956|location=San Francisco|pages=18}}</ref> On April 22, 1859, the first inland Southern California post office was established in Temecula in the Magee Store. This was the second post office in the state, the first being located in San Francisco. The Temecula post office was moved in the ensuing years; its present locations are the seventh and eighth sites occupied. The [[American Civil War]] put an end to the Butterfield Overland Stage Service, but stage service continued on the route under other stage companies until the railroad reached Fort Yuma in 1877.<ref>[http://www.temeculahistoricalsociety.org/temeculahistory.html "Temecula History" A Short History of Temecula, California] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514230400/http://www.temeculahistoricalsociety.org/temeculahistory.html |date=May 14, 2011 }}, Courtesy of the Temecula Valley Museum</ref>

In 1862, Louis Wolf, a Temecula merchant and postmaster, married Ramona Place, who was mixed-race and half Indian. Author [[Helen Hunt Jackson]] spent time with Louis and Ramona Wolf in 1882 and again in 1883. Wolf's store became an inspiration for Jackson's fictional "Hartsel's store" in her 1884 novel, ''[[Ramona]]''.<ref>{{cite web|author = Jackson, Helen Hunt|url= http://www.scvhistory.com/scvhistory/ramona-text.htm|title=Ramona|publisher=Santa Clarita Valley Historical Society|access-date=July 4, 2004}}</ref>

In 1882, the United States government established the Pechanga Indian Reservation of approximately {{convert|4000|acre|km2|0}} some {{convert|6|mi}} from downtown Temecula. Also in 1882, the [[California Southern Railroad]], a subsidiary of the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway|Santa Fe Railroad]], completed construction of the section from [[National City, California|National City]] to Temecula. In 1883, the line was extended to [[San Bernardino, California|San Bernardino]]. In the late 1880s, a series of floods washed out the tracks and the section of the railroad through the canyon was finally abandoned. The old Temecula station was used as a barn and later demolished.

In the 1890s, with the operation of [[granite]] stone quarries, Temecula granite was shaped into fence and hitching posts, curbstones, courthouse steps, and building blocks. At the turn of the 20th century, Temecula became an important shipping point for grain and cattle.