Editing Tczew (section)

=== Middle Ages ===
Tczew (''Trsow'', ''Dersowe'', ‘weaver's town’<ref name="MKL"/>) was first mentioned as ''Trsow'' in a document by [[Gdańsk Pomerania|Pomeranian]] Duke Grzymisław bestowing the land to the [[Knights Hospitaller]] in 1198.<ref name=TCZ>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcz.pl/index.php?p=5,30,0,historia-miasta&item=&title=|title=Historia miasta Tczewa|website=Tcz.pl|access-date=22 October 2019|language=pl}}</ref> Around 1200 [[Sambor I, Duke of Pomerania]], built a fortress here.<ref name="MKL"/> In some documents, the name Derszewo appears, which stems from the name of a feudal lord, Dersław. It is unknown whether Trsow and Derszewo referred to the same or two neighboring settlements. In order to obtain better control of traffic on the Vistula, [[Duchy of Pomerania|Pomeranian]] Duke [[Sambor II, Duke of Pomerania|Sambor II]] moved his residence from [[Lubiszewo Tczewskie]] to Tczew.<ref name=gs>{{cite news|url=https://www.gdanskstrefa.com/w-grodzie-sambora-ii/ |title=W grodzie Sambora II |access-date=15 April 2020}}</ref> By 1252 the settlement was known by the names ''Tczew'' and ''Dirschau''.
[[File:Tczew, Ogrodowa, pozůstatky hradeb.JPG|thumb|left|Medieval town walls]]
In 1258 a city council was created and in 1260 Tczew was granted [[town rights]].<ref name=TCZ/> It is the only case in Poland for a city council to be established before granting city rights.<ref name=TCZ/> Craft and trade developed, there was a port on the Vistula and a [[Mint (facility)|mint]].<ref name=TCZ/> Duke [[Mestwin II, Duke of Pomerania|Mestwin II]] in 1289 brought the [[Dominican Order]] to the city.<ref name=TCZ/> It was part of Poland until 1308. Following the [[Treaty of Soldin (1309)|Treaty of Soldin]] in 1309, Tczew was purchased from [[Margraviate of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]] by [[Heinrich von Plötzke]] of the [[Teutonic Knights]], despite the fact that the initial claims to the region by Brandenburg were of dubious legality.<ref name=davies>[[Norman Davies]]. ''[[God's Playground]]: A History of Poland in Two Volumes''. Oxford University Press, 2005, {{ISBN|0-19-925339-0}}.</ref> The townspeople were expelled by the Teutonic Knights<ref>{{cite book|last=Mikołajczyk|first=Witold|year=2009|title=Wojny polsko-krzyżackie|language=pl|publisher=Wydawnictwo Replika Zakrzewo|page=26}}</ref> and the town's organization ceased to exist for more than half a century. It was rebuilt from 1364 to 1384, and was granted [[Kulm law]] by [[Winrich von Kniprode]]. After the Polish victory in the [[Battle of Grunwald]] in 1410, the town was briefly recaptured by Poland.<ref name=gs/> In 1434 the town was burnt down by the [[Hussite]]s. In 1440 the town joined the [[Prussian Confederation]], opposing Teutonic Order's rule.<ref name=gs/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Górski|first=Karol|title=Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych|year=1949|publisher=Instytut Zachodni|location=[[Poznań]]|language=pl|page=XXXVII}}</ref> In 1457, during the [[Thirteen Years’ War (1454–1466)|Thirteen Years’ War]], Bohemian mercenaries on the Order's service sold Tczew to Poland in lieu of [[Malbork treaty|indemnities]].<ref>Józef Wiesław Dyskant, ''Zatoka Świeża 1463'', p. 115–116.</ref> The [[Second Peace of Thorn (1466)]] confirmed the reincorporation of Tczew to Poland. It became a county seat within the [[Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)|Pomeranian Voivodeship]] in the newly created Polish province of [[Royal Prussia]], soon also part of the [[Greater Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Greater Poland Province]].