Editing Taekwondo (section)

=== Attempt to standardise taekwondo ===
In 1952, South Korean president [[Syngman Rhee]] witnessed a martial arts demonstration by [[Republic of Korea Army|South Korean Army]] officers [[Choi Hong-hi]] and [[Nam Tae Hi|Nam Tae-hi]] from the 29th Infantry Division. He misrecognized the technique on display as [[taekkyon]],<ref name="Gillis">{{Cite book|title=A Killing Art: The Untold History of Tae Kwon Do|last=Gillis|first=Alex|publisher=ECW Press|year=2008|isbn=978-1550228250|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/killingartuntold0000gill}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=August 2023}}<ref name=":2">{{cite web |url=https://www.members.itkd.co.nz/reference/essays/6-broken_family.pdf |title=Taekwon-do: A Broken Family? |quote=The President was amazed and asked General Choi what the new martial art is called. President Rhee was a nationalist, hated the Japanese and would not approve the soldiers practicing Japanese martial arts such as Tang Soo Do or Korean Karate. Someone said to the President that it was Tang Soo Do. 'No, it's T'aekkyon' the President countered. The president later instructed General Choi to teach the T'aekkyon martial art to more Korean soldiers. |last=Lo |first=David |department=Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032414/https://www.members.itkd.co.nz/reference/essays/6-broken_family.pdf |archive-date=December 1, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.koreaworldtimes.com/topics/news/9663/|script-title=ja:テコンドーの歴史も2千年？ 空手の親？ 消された創始者（1/3）|newspaper=KoreaWorldTimes|date=2021-07-23|language=ja|access-date=2021-09-22|archive-date=2022-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620045731/https://www.koreaworldtimes.com/topics/news/9663/|url-status=live}}</ref> and urged martial arts to be introduced to the army under a single system. Beginning in 1955 the leaders of the ''kwans'' began discussing in earnest the possibility of creating a unified Korean martial art. Until then, "[[Tang Soo Do]]" was the term used for Korean karate, using the Korean [[hanja]] pronunciation of the Japanese [[kanji]] {{langx|ja|唐手道|label=none}}. The name "Tae Soo Do" ({{langx|ko|跆手道|label=none}}) was also used to describe a unified style Korean martial arts. This name consists of the [[hanja]] {{lang|ko|{{linktext|跆}}}} {{Transliteration|ko|tae}} "to stomp, trample", {{lang|ko|{{linktext|手}}}} {{Transliteration|ko|su}} "hand" and {{lang|ko|{{linktext|道}}}} {{Transliteration|ko|do}} "[[Dō (martial arts)|way, discipline]]".{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}
 
Choi Hong-hi advocated the use of the name "Tae Kwon Do", replacing ''su'' "hand" with {{lang|ko|{{linktext|拳}}}} {{Transliteration|ko|kwon}} ([[Revised Romanization of Korean|Revised Romanization]]: {{Transliteration|ko|rr|gwon}}; [[McCune–Reischauer]]: {{Transliteration|ko|mr|kwŏn}}) "fist", the term also used for "martial arts" in [[Chinese language|Chinese]] ([[pinyin]] {{Transliteration|zh|quán}}).<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=https://gtaitf-india.com/general-choi-hong-hi/|title=General Choi, utilizing both his advanced education and Calligraphy skills that involved extensive knowledge of Chinese characters and language, searched for and later conceived of the new term Tae Kwon Do. This label more accurately reflected the shifting emphasis on the use of the legs for kicking.|website=General Choi Taekwon-do Association (India) website|access-date=2019-06-05|archive-date=2019-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605152342/https://gtaitf-india.com/general-choi-hong-hi/|url-status=live}}</ref> The name was also the closest to the pronunciation of "taekkyon",<ref>{{cite web|url=https://akillingart.com/namtaehialexgillistaekwondo-namedi-n-1955-2min/|title=Interview with Nam Tae-Hi making it clear that Tae Kwon Do came from Korean Karate (also known as "Shotokan Karate{{sic|,"|hide=y}} "Tang Soo Do" and "Kong Soo Do"). At a martial arts meeting in 1955, Choi presented a fictional argument connecting Taekwon-Do to Taekkyon, an old martial art.|date=2011|access-date=2019-06-15|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701161705/https://akillingart.com/namtaehialexgillistaekwondo-namedi-n-1955-2min/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Gillis" />{{Page needed|date=August 2023}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.members.itkd.co.nz/reference/essays/6-broken_family.pdf|title=Nam and General Choi faced a dilemma as they could not teach the Koreans Karate and call it Taekkyeon. They needed a new name urgently but the President liked the name Taekkyon.|last=Lo|first=David|website=Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032414/https://www.members.itkd.co.nz/reference/essays/6-broken_family.pdf|archive-date=December 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The new name was initially slow to catch on among the leaders of the ''kwans''. During this time taekwondo was also adopted for use by the South Korean military, which increased its popularity among civilian martial arts schools.<ref name="KANG" />{{Page needed|date=August 2023}}<ref name="Gillis" />{{Page needed|date=August 2023}}