Editing Surgery (section)

===Terminology===
{{main|List of surgical procedures}}
* Resection and excisional procedures start with a [[prefix]] for the target organ to be excised (cut out) and end in the [[suffix]] '''-ectomy'''.  For example, removal of part of the stomach would be called a subtotal gastrectomy.
* Procedures involving cutting into an organ or tissue end in '''-otomy'''.  A surgical procedure cutting through the [[abdominal]] wall to gain access to the [[abdominal cavity]] is a [[laparotomy]].
* [[Minimally invasive surgery#Minimally invasive procedure|Minimally invasive procedures]], involving small incisions through which an endoscope is inserted, end in -'''oscopy'''. For example, such surgery in the abdominal cavity is called [[laparoscopy]].
* Procedures for formation of a permanent or semi-permanent opening called a [[Stoma (medicine)|stoma]] in the body end in '''-ostomy''', such as creation of a colostomy, a connection of colon and the abdominal wall.  This prefix is also used for connection between two viscera, such as how an esophagojejunostomy refers to a connection created between the esophagus and the jejunum.
* Plastic and reconstruction procedures start with the name for the body part to be reconstructed and end in '''-plasty'''.  For example, ''rhino-'' is a prefix meaning "nose", therefore a ''[[rhinoplasty]]'' is a reconstructive or cosmetic surgery for the nose. A pyloroplasty refers to a type of reconstruction of the gastric pylorus.
* Procedures that involve cutting the muscular layers of an organ end in '''-myotomy'''.  A pyloromyotomy refers to cutting the muscular layers of the gastric pylorus.
* Repair of a damaged or abnormal structure ends in '''-orraphy'''.  This includes herniorrhaphy, another name for a hernia repair.
* Reoperation, revision, or "redo" procedures refer to a planned or unplanned return to the operating theater after a surgery is performed to re-address an aspect of patient care. Unplanned reasons for reoperation include postoperative [[complication (medicine)|complication]]s such as [[bleeding]] or hematoma formation, development of a [[seroma]] or [[abscess]], anastomotic leak, tissue [[necrosis]] requiring [[debridement]] or excision, or in the case of malignancy, close or involved [[resection margin]]s that may require re-excision to avoid local recurrence. Reoperation can be performed in the acute phase, or it can be also performed months to years later if the surgery failed to solve the indicated problem.  Reoperation can also be planned as a staged operation where components of the procedure are performed or reversed under separate anesthesia.