Editing Suppletion (section)

=== To go ===
In [[English language|English]], the past tense of the verb ''go'' is ''went'', which comes from the past tense of the verb ''wend'', archaic in this sense. (The modern past tense of ''wend'' is ''wended''.) See ''[[Go (verb)]]''.

The [[Romance languages]] have a variety of suppletive forms in conjugating the verb "to go", as these first-person singular forms illustrate (second-person singular forms in imperative):<ref>However, some unstandardized languages are chosen in non-standard dialects instead based on their uniqueness. This table below excludes [[periphrasis|periphrastic]] tenses.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Language 
! colspan="2" | Imperative 
! colspan="2" | Present 
! colspan="2" | Subjunctive 
! colspan="2" | Future 
! colspan="2" | Preterite 
! colspan="2" | Infinitive
|-
! French
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|fr|va}}, {{lang|fr|vas-y}}
|1
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|fr|vais}} 
| 1
| style="background: PaleTurquoise;" | {{lang|fr|aille}}
| 4
| style="background: lightyellow;" | {{lang|fr|irai}} 
| 2
| style="background: PaleTurquoise;" | {{lang|fr|allai}}
| 4
| style="background: PaleTurquoise;" | {{wikt-lang|fr|aller}}
| 4
|-
! Romansh<br/><small>(Sursilvan)</small>
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|rm|va}}
|1
| style="background: pink;" | {{lang|rm|mon}}
| 6
| style="background: pink;" |{{lang|rm|mondi}}
| 6
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;" | &mdash;
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;" | &mdash;
| style="background: lightyellow;" | {{wikt-lang|rm|ir}}
| 2
|-
! Sardinian<br/><small>(Logudorese)</small>
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|rm|bai}}
|1
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|rm|ando}}
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" |{{lang|rm|andaia}}, {{lang|rm|andaio}}
| 3
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;" | &mdash;
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;" | &mdash;
| style="background: lightblue;" |{{wikt-lang|rm|andare}}
| 3
|-
! Italian
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|it|vai}}, {{lang|it|va}}, {{lang|it|va'}}
|1
| style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|it|vado}}, {{lang|it|vo}}
| 1
| style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|it|vada}}
| 1
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|it|andrò}} 
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|it|andai}}
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{wikt-lang|it|andare}}
| 3
|-
! Occitan<br/><small>(Languedocien)</small>
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|oc|vai}}
|1
| style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|oc|vau}} 
| 1
|style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|oc|ane}}
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|oc|anarai}} 
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|oc|anèri}}
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{wikt-lang|oc|anar}}
| 3
|-
! Catalan
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|ca|vès}}
|1
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |    {{lang|ca|vaig}} 
| 1
| style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|ca|vagi}}
| 1
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|ca|aniré}} 
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{lang|ca|aní}}
| 3
| style="background: lightblue;" | {{wikt-lang|ca|anar}}
| 3
|-
! rowspan=2 | Spanish
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|es|ve}}<sup>tú</sup>
|1
| rowspan=2 style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|es|voy}} 
| rowspan=2 | 1
| rowspan=2 style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|es|vaya}}
| rowspan=2 | 1
| rowspan=2 style="background: lightyellow;" | {{lang|es|iré}} 
| rowspan=2 | 2
| rowspan=2 style="background: wheat;" | {{lang|es|fui}}
| rowspan=2 | 5
| rowspan=2 style="background: lightyellow;" | {{wikt-lang|es|ir}}
| rowspan=2 | 2
|-
| style="background: lightblue;" |{{lang|es|andá}}<sup>[[voseo|vos]]</sup>
|3
|-
! rowspan=2 | Portuguese
| style="background:PaleGreen;" |   {{lang|pt|vai}}<sup>tu</sup>
| 1
| rowspan=2 style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|pt|vou}} 
| rowspan=2 | 1
| rowspan=2 style="background:PaleGreen;" | {{lang|pt|vá}}
| rowspan=2 | 1
| rowspan=2 style="background: lightyellow;" | {{lang|pt|irei}} 
| rowspan=2 | 2
| rowspan=2 style="background: wheat;" | {{lang|pt|fui}}
| rowspan=2 | 5
| rowspan=2 style="background: lightyellow;" | {{wikt-lang|pt|ir}}
| rowspan=2 | 2
|-
| style="background: lightyellow;" |{{lang|pt|ide}}<sup>vós</sup>
|2
|-
|
|}
The sources of these forms, numbered in the table, are six different [[Latin]] verbs:
#{{lang|la|vādere}} ‘to go, proceed’,<ref>''Vadere'' is cognate with English ''wade'' ([[PIE]] root [[:wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weh₂dʰ-|*weh₂dʰ-]]).</ref>
#{{lang|la|īre}} ‘to go’
#{{lang|la|ambitāre}} ‘to go around’,<ref>Late Lat. *''ambitāre'' is a [[Frequentative#Latin|frequentative]] form of classical [[:wikt:ambio|''ambio'']] ‘to go around’.</ref> also the source for Spanish and Portuguese {{lang|es|andar}} ‘to walk’
#{{lang|la|ambulāre}} ‘to walk’, or perhaps another Latin root, a Celtic root, or a Germanic root {{lang|frk|halon}} or {{lang|non|hala}}<ref>{{Cite journal |title=A New Hypothesis on the Origin of French ''Aller'' |author= H. Diamant |year=1968 |journal=Word |volume=24 |number=1–3 |pages=73–80 |publisher=Routledge |doi=10.1080/00437956.1968.11435516 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
#{{lang|la|fuī}} suppletive perfective of {{lang|la|esse}} ‘to be’.<ref>The [[preterite]]s of "to be" and "to go" are identical in Spanish and Portuguese. Compare the English construction "Have you ''been'' to France?" which has no simple present form.</ref>
#{{lang|la|meāre}} ‘to go along’.

Many of the Romance languages use forms from different verbs in the present tense; for example, French has {{lang|fr|je vais}} ‘I go’ from {{lang|la|vadere}}, but {{lang|fr|nous allons}} ‘we go’ from {{lang|la|ambulare}}. Galician-Portuguese has a similar example: {{lang|gl|imos}} from {{lang|la|ire}} ‘to go’ and {{lang|gl|vamos}} from {{lang|la|vadere}} ‘we go’; the former is somewhat disused in modern Portuguese but very alive in modern Galician. Even {{lang|gl|ides}}, from {{lang|la|itis}} second-person plural of {{lang|la|ire}}, is the only form for ‘you (plural) go’ both in Galician and Portuguese (Spanish {{lang|es|vais}}, from {{lang|la|vadere}}).

Sometimes, the conjugations differ between dialects. For instance, the ''[[Limba Sarda Comuna]]'' standard of Sardinian supported a fully regular conjugation of {{lang|sc|andare}}, but other dialects like [[Logudorese dialect|Logudorese]] do not (see also [[Sardinian conjugation]]). In Romansh, ''[[Rumantsch Grischun]]'' substitutes present and subjunctive forms of ''ir'' with ''vom'' and ''giaja'' (both are from Latin ''vādere'' and ''īre'', respectively) in the place of ''mon'' and ''mondi'' in Sursilvan.

Similarly, the Welsh verb {{lang|cy|mynd}} ‘to go’ has a variety of suppletive forms such as {{lang|cy|af}} ‘I shall go’ and {{lang|cy|euthum}} ‘we went’. Irish {{lang|cy|téigh}} ‘to go’ also has suppletive forms: {{lang|cy|dul}} ‘going’ and {{lang|cy|rachaidh}} ‘will go’.

In [[Estonian language|Estonian]], the inflected forms of the verb {{lang|et|minema}} ‘to go’ were originally those of a verb cognate with the Finnish {{lang|fi|lähteä}} ‘to leave’, except for the passive and infinitive.