Editing Striatum (section)

===Dorsal striatum===
The dorsal striatum is composed of the [[caudate nucleus]] and the [[putamen]].
Primarily it mediates cognition and involves motor and executive function. The dorsal striatum can be further subdivided into the '''dorsomedial striatum''', and the '''dorsolateral striatum'''. Both of these areas have different roles in the acquisition of learnt behaviour and skill formation.<ref name="JoN2022">{{cite journal |last1=Turner |first1=Karly M. |last2=Svegborn |first2=Anna |last3=Langguth |first3=Mia |last4=McKenzie |first4=Colin |last5=Robbins |first5=Trevor W. |title=Opposing Roles of the Dorsolateral and Dorsomedial Striatum in the Acquisition of Skilled Action Sequencing in Rats |journal=The Journal of Neuroscience |date=9 March 2022 |volume=42 |issue=10 |pages=2039–2051 |doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1907-21.2022|pmid=35086903 |pmc=8916752 }}</ref> The dorsomedial region receives projections from the frontal and the parietal cortices. The dorsolateral region receives projections from the sensorimotor cortex.<ref name="Macpherson2019">{{cite journal |last1=Macpherson |first1=Tom |last2=Hikida |first2=Takatoshi |title=Role of basal ganglia neurocircuitry in the pathology of psychiatric disorders |journal=Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences |date=June 2019 |volume=73 |issue=6 |pages=289–301 |doi=10.1111/pcn.12830}}</ref>

====Matrix and striosomes====
[[Neurochemistry]] studies have used [[staining|staining techniques]] on the striatum that have identified two distinct striatal compartments, the matrix, and the [[striosome]] (or patch). The matrix is seen to be rich in [[acetylcholinesterase]], while the embedded striosomes are acetylcholinesterase-poor.<ref name="Brimblecombe"/> The matrix forms the bulk of the striatum, and receives input from most areas of the cerebral cortex.<ref name="Squire">{{cite book |last1=Squire |first1=Larry |title=Fundamental neuroscience |date=2013 |publisher=Elsevier Academic Press |location=Amsterdam Heidelberg |isbn=9780123858702 |page=658 |edition=4.}}</ref> Clusters of neurons in the matrix, called matrisomes receive a similar input. Their output goes to both regions of the globus pallidus and to the substantia nigra pars reticulata.<ref name="Squire"/>

The striosomes receive input from the prefrontal cortex and give outputs to the substantia nigra pars compacta.<ref name="Squire"/> There are more striosomes present in the dorsal striatum making up 10-15% of the striatal volume, than in the ventral striatum.<ref name="Brimblecombe">{{Cite journal|pmid=27977131|year=2017|last1=Brimblecombe|first1=K. R.|title=The Striosome and Matrix Compartments of the Striatum: A Path through the Labyrinth from Neurochemistry toward Function|journal=ACS Chemical Neuroscience|volume=8|issue=2|pages=235–242|last2=Cragg|first2=S. J.|doi=10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00333|doi-access=free}}</ref>