Editing Stirling (section)

===Ancient history===
A stone [[cist]], found in Coneypark Nursery<ref>{{cite web|title=OS 25 inch map 1892–1949, with Bing opacity slider|url=http://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=16&lat=56.1139&lon=-3.9594&layers=168&b=1|website=National Library of Scotland|publisher=Ordnance Survey|access-date=12 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130162106/http://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=16&lat=56.1139&lon=-3.9594&layers=168&b=1|archive-date=30 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> in 1879, is Stirling's oldest catalogued artefact.<ref name=Canmore>{{Canmore |num=46189 |desc=Cairn (Period Unassigned), Cist(S) (Period Unassigned), Beaker|access-date=11 February 2017}}</ref> Bones from the cist were [[Radiocarbon dating|radiocarbon dated]] and found to be over four millennia old, originating within the date range 2152 to 2021 BC.<ref>{{cite news|last1=McNeill|first1=Alastair|title=Stirling's oldest resident revealed to be 4000-year-old 'Torbrex Tam'|url=http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/stirlings-oldest-resident-revealed-4000-11449217|access-date=3 November 2017|agency=Daily Record|date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171104034008/http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/stirlings-oldest-resident-revealed-4000-11449217|archive-date=4 November 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Nicknamed Torbrex Tam, the man, whose bones were discovered by workmen, died while still in his twenties.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hutchison|first1=A.F.|title=Transactions 1878–1879|date=1898|publisher=Stirling Field Club (now Stirling Natural History and Archaeological Society)|location=Stirling|pages=13–22|url=https://archive.org/stream/transactions45socigoog#page/n27/mode/2up|access-date=4 November 2017}}</ref> Other [[Bronze Age]] finds near the city come from the area around [[Cambusbarron]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Paterson|first1=P. T.|title=Byegone Days of Cambusbarron|url=http://cambusbarron.com/about/bygone_days_cambusbarron.html|website=cambusbarron dot com|access-date=7 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408082316/http://cambusbarron.com/about/bygone_days_cambusbarron.html|archive-date=8 April 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> It had been thought that the Randolphfield standing stones were more than 3000 years old but recent radiocarbon dating suggests they may date from the time of Bruce.<ref>{{cite news|title='Ancient' standing stones are linked to 1314 battle|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/14994252.___Ancient____standing_stones_are_linked_to_1314_battle/|access-date=7 April 2017|agency=Herald & Times Group|work=The Herald|date=30 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408082321/http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/14994252.___Ancient____standing_stones_are_linked_to_1314_battle/|archive-date=8 April 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> 
The earliest known structures in Stirling are now destroyed but comprised two Neolithic Cursus in Bannockburn.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bannockburn West |url=https://canmore.org.uk/site/47257/bannockburn-west |access-date=21 May 2020 |website=canmore.org.uk}}</ref> To the south of Stirling is [[Gillies Hill]] which contains a series of prehistoric fortifications. Two structures are known: what is currently called Wallstale Dun<ref>{{cite web|url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/46232/details/wallstale/|title=Wallstale – Canmore|website=canmore.rcahms.gov.uk|access-date=7 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508103355/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/46232/details/wallstale/|archive-date=8 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> on the southern end of Touchadam Craig, and Gillies Hill fort<ref>{{cite web|url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/46246/details/gillies+hill/|title=Gillies Hill – Canmore|website=canmore.rcahms.gov.uk|access-date=7 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508111132/http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/46246/details/gillies+hill/|archive-date=8 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> on the northwest end of the craig. Both structures were built by Iron Age peoples and Gillies Hill is c 2500 years old while the Wallstale structure is later and is related in form to brochs, these appear to coincide with the Roman period and there are around 40 or so in the wider area. South of the city, the King's Park prehistoric carvings (cup and ring marks) can still be found, these date to c 3000 BC.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://megalithix.wordpress.com/2008/11/25/kings-park-stirling-stirlingshire/ |title=King's Park, Stirling, Stirlingshire " The Northern Antiquarian |publisher=Megalithix.wordpress.com |date=25 November 2008 |access-date=14 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090729104220/http://megalithix.wordpress.com/2008/11/25/kings-park-stirling-stirlingshire/ |archive-date=29 July 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>