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===Transluminal=== [[Transluminal]] procedures are performed by entry through the [[female reproductive tract]]. These generally use a catheter to place a substance into the [[fallopian tube]]s that eventually causes a blockage of the tract in this segment. Such procedures are normally referred to as ''non-surgical'' because they use natural orifices and thereby do not necessitate any [[surgical incision]]. *The [[Essure]] procedure was one such transluminal sterilization technique. In this procedure, [[polyethylene terephthalate]] fiber inserts were placed into the fallopian tubes, eventually inducing scarring and occlusion of the tubes.<ref name="pmid19716128">{{cite journal |author=Smith RD |title=Contemporary hysteroscopic methods for female sterilization |journal=Int J Gynaecol Obstet |volume=108 |issue=1 |pages=79β84 |date=January 2010 |pmid=19716128 |doi=10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.07.026 |hdl=2027.42/135408 |s2cid=13613243 |url=https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135408/1/ijgo79.pdf |hdl-access=free }}</ref> In April 2018, the [[Essure#FDA|FDA restricted the sale and use of Essure]] due to a number of complications that certain women experienced.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Commissioner |first=Office of the |date=2020-01-10 |title=FDA In Brief: FDA provides updates on discontinuation of Essure and ongoing postmarket activities |url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/fda-brief/fda-brief-fda-provides-updates-discontinuation-essure-and-ongoing-postmarket-activities |journal=FDA |language=en}}</ref> On July 20, 2018, Bayer announced it would end sales in the US by the end of 2018. *[[Quinacrine]] has also been used for transluminal sterilization, but despite a multitude of clinical studies on the use of quinacrine and female sterilization, no randomized, controlled trials have been reported to date, and there is some controversy over its use.<ref name=drugsdotcom>[https://www.drugs.com/mmx/quinacrine-hydrochloride.html Drugs.com β Quinacrine.] Retrieved on August 24, 2009</ref> See also [[mepacrine]].
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