Editing Specific phobia (section)

==Diagnosis==
Diagnosis in the ICD or the DSM requires a marked fear, anxiety or avoidance that is long-lasting (greater than six months) and consistently occurs in the presence of the feared object or situation. The DSM-5 states that the fears should be out of proportion to the danger posed, compared to the ICD-10 which specifies that the symptoms must be excessive or unreasonable.<ref name="Lancet2016" /> Minor differences have persisted between the ICD-11 and DSM-5.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = First MB, Gaebel W, Maj M, Stein DJ, Kogan CS, Saunders JB, Poznyak VB, Gureje O, Lewis-Fernández R, Maercker A, Brewin CR, Cloitre M, Claudino A, Pike KM, Baird G, Skuse D, Krueger RB, Briken P, Burke JD, Lochman JE, Evans SC, Woods DW, Reed GM | display-authors = 6 | title = An organization- and category-level comparison of diagnostic requirements for mental disorders in ICD-11 and DSM-5 | journal = World Psychiatry | volume = 20 | issue = 1 | pages = 34–51 | date = February 2021 | pmid = 33432742 | pmc = 7801846 | doi = 10.1002/wps.20825 }}</ref>

In the DSM-5, there are several types which specific phobia can be classified under:
* [[Zoophobia|Animal type]] – Including fear of spiders ([[arachnophobia]]), insects ([[entomophobia]]), dogs ([[cynophobia]]), or snakes ([[ophidiophobia]]).
* Natural environment type – Including fear of water ([[aquaphobia]]), heights ([[acrophobia]]), lightning and thunderstorms ([[astraphobia]]), or aging ([[gerascophobia]]).
* Situational type – Including the fear of small confined spaces ([[claustrophobia]]), or the dark ([[nyctophobia]]).
* [[Blood-injection-injury type phobia|Blood/injection/injury type]] – Including fear of medical procedures, including needles and injections ([[trypanophobia]]), fear of blood ([[hemophobia]]) and fear of getting injured ([[traumatophobia]]).
* Other – Situations which can lead to choking or vomiting, and children's fears of loud sounds or costumed characters.
Although the avoidance resulting from specific phobia is comparable to other anxiety disorders, [[differential diagnosis]] is done through examining underlying causes for the behavior.<ref name="Lancet2016" /> [[Agoraphobia]] is also considered distinct from specific phobia, along with [[Substance use disorder|substance use disorders]], and [[avoidant personality disorder]].<ref name=":5" /> The occurrence of [[Panic attack|panic attacks]] is not itself a symptom of specific phobias and falls under the criteria of [[panic disorder]].<ref name=":5" />