Editing Shiitake (section)

==Cultivation==
The earliest written record of shiitake cultivation is seen in the ''Records of [[Longquan]] County'' ({{lang|zh|龍泉縣志}}) compiled by He Zhan ({{lang|zh|何澹}}) in 1209 during the [[Song dynasty]] in China.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=zh:香菇简介 |trans-title=Mushroom Introduction |language=zh |publisher=Yuwang jituan |url=http://hnywzy.com/news_show.asp?id=1829 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225225742/http://hnywzy.com/news_show.asp?id=1829 |archive-date=25 February 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> The 185-word description of shiitake cultivation from that literature was later cross-referenced many times and eventually adapted in a book by a Japanese horticulturist {{nihongo|Satō Chūryō|佐藤中陵}} in 1796, the first book on shiitake cultivation in Japan.<ref name="Miles 2004"/>
The Japanese cultivated the mushroom by cutting [[shii tree]]s with axes and placing the logs by trees that were already growing shiitake or contained shiitake [[spore]]s.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Tilak |first=Shantanu |year=2019 |title=The Shiitake Mushroom-A History in Magic & Folklore |magazine=The Mycophile |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=1, 4 |url=https://namyco.org/docs/MycophileJanFef2019.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205165444/https://namyco.org/docs/MycophileJanFef2019.pdf |archive-date=5 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Przybylowicz |first1=Paul |last2=Donoghue |first2=John |year=1988 |title=Shiitake Growers Handbook: The Art and Science of Mushroom Cultivation |url=https://archive.org/details/shiitakegrowersh00przy |url-access=limited |location=Dubuque, Iowa |publisher=Kendall/Hunt  |pages=[https://archive.org/details/shiitakegrowersh00przy/page/n18 3]–6 |isbn=978-0-8403-4962-0 }}</ref> Before 1982, the Japan Islands' variety of these mushrooms could only be grown in traditional locations using ancient methods.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ci4NAQAAMAAJ&q=ancient+method+for+shiitake+growing|title=Mushroom Newsletter for the Tropics: The Official Publication of the International Mushroom Society for the Tropics|date=1980|publisher=International Mushroom Society for the Tropics|language=en}}</ref> A 1982 report on the budding and growth of the Japanese variety revealed opportunities for commercial cultivation in the United States.<ref name="Leatham 1982"/>

Shiitake are widely cultivated worldwide, contributing about 25% of the total yearly production of mushrooms.<ref name="Vane 2003b"/> Commercially, shiitake mushrooms are typically grown in conditions similar to their natural environment on either artificial substrate or hardwood logs, such as oak.<ref name="Leatham 1982"/><ref name="Vane 2003b"/><ref name="Vane 2003a"/>