Editing Shenyang (section)

===Early history===
[[File:Xinle Civilisation Shenyang China.JPG|thumb|left|Xinle Ruins]]
Archaeological findings show that humans resided in present-day Shenyang as early as 8000&nbsp;years ago. The remains of the [[Xinle culture]], a late [[Neolithic period]] society over 6800–7200&nbsp;years old,<ref name=":1">''Archaeology of Asia'', pp.&nbsp;129</ref> are located in a museum in the north part of [[Huanggu District]]. It is complemented by a recreated village on site.

The city now known as Shenyang was first established {{circa|300&nbsp;BCE}} during the [[Warring States period]] by [[Yan (state)|Yan]] general [[Qin Kai (general)|Qin Kai]], who conquered the [[Liaodong]] region from [[Gojoseon]].<ref>{{cite book |language=zh |author=陈寿 |script-title=zh:三国志·魏志·东夷传 |year=2000 |publisher=浙江古籍出版社 |script-quote=zh:昔萁子之后北朝鲜侯, 自称为王, 后子孙稍骄虐, 燕乃遣将秦开, 攻其西方, 取地两千余里, 至满番汗为界, 朝鲜遂弱.}}</ref> It was then named Hou City ({{zhi|t=侯城|p=Hóu Chéng}}). Around 350 years later, during the reign of [[Emperor Guangwu of Han]], the city was sacked and burnt by the [[Donghu people|Donghu]] nomads and subsequently abandoned. The area of modern Shenyang was divided between two [[commandery (China)|commanderies]] called [[Liaodong Commandery|Liaodong]] and [[Xuantu Commandery|Xuantu]] {{circa|107&nbsp;CE|lk=no}}. Liaodong was seized by a Han governor in 189. Liaodong and Xuantu were briefly united under [[Cao Wei]] and the [[Jin dynasty (266–420)]]. The region was in disarray during the fourth century until the [[Goguryeo]] occupied both commanderies in 404. Under Goguryeo, the city was called Gaemo. They established the cities of Xuantucheng and Gaimoucheng in the region. The [[Sui dynasty]] recaptured the area and established a new Liaodong Commandery in what is now modern Shenyang. In 645, the [[Tang dynasty]] [[Goguryeo–Tang War|invaded Goguryeo]] and captured Xuantucheng and Gaimoucheng. Soon after, Liaodong was administratively reorganized and enjoyed nearly 250 years of stability and development.<ref>{{Cite book |title=International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |year=1996 |isbn=1-884964-04-4 |editor-last=Schellinger |editor-first=Paul |location=Chicago |page=744 |editor-last2=Salkin |editor-first2=Robert}}</ref>

In 916, the Shenyang region was captured by the [[Liao dynasty]] and was known as Shen Prefecture ({{zhi|t=瀋州|p=Shěn Zhōu}}) until the end of [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin dynasty]] (who conquered the region in 1116). The area became known as the Shenyang Circuit ({{zhi|t=瀋陽路|p=Shěnyáng Lù}}) during the [[Yuan dynasty]].<ref name="中国网沈阳历史">{{cite web |url=http://www.china.com.cn/city/zhuanti/07lnx/2007-06/07/content_8357641.htm |script-title=zh:沈阳历史 |script-website=zh:中国网 |access-date=2014-05-29 |language=zh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318032642/http://www.china.com.cn/city/zhuanti/07lnx/2007-06/07/content_8357641.htm |archive-date=2013-03-18 |url-status=live}}</ref> After the fall of the Yuan, Shenyang came under the control of the [[Ming dynasty]], and it was designated a guard town named Shenyang Central Guard ({{zhi|t=瀋陽中衛|p=Shěnyáng Zhōngwèi}}). During the Ming dynasty, Shenyang became one of the most important Chinese military strongholds beyond the [[Shanhai Pass]].