Editing Shannon–Hartley theorem (section)

===Nyquist rate===
{{main|Nyquist ISI criterion}}
In 1927, Nyquist determined that the number of independent pulses that could be put through a telegraph channel per unit time is limited to twice the one-sided [[Bandwidth (signal processing)|bandwidth]] of the channel. In symbolic notation,

:<math>f_p \le 2B </math>

where <math>f_p</math> is the pulse frequency (in pulses per second) and <math>B</math> is the one-sided bandwidth{{clarify|reason=what is the one sided bandwidth?|date=May 2025}} (in hertz). The quantity <math>2B</math> later came to be called the ''[[Nyquist rate#Relative to signaling|Nyquist rate]]'', and transmitting at the limiting pulse rate of <math>2B</math> pulses per second as ''signalling at the Nyquist rate''. Nyquist published his results in 1928 as part of his paper "Certain topics in Telegraph Transmission Theory".<ref name="Nyquist">
{{cite journal|last=Nyquist|first=Harry|title=Certain topics in telegraph transmission theory|journal=Trans. AIEE|volume=47|pages=617–44|date=April 1928|issue=2|doi=10.1109/T-AIEE.1928.5055024|bibcode=1928TAIEE..47..617N|url=https://bayes.wustl.edu/Manual/CertainTopicsInTelegraphTransmissionTheory.pdf}} Also 2002 Reprint {{doi|10.1109/5.989873}}
</ref>