Editing Shanghai Express (film) (section)

==Production==
[[File:Shanghai Express (film) 1932 Josef von Sternberg, director. L to R, Marlene Dietrich, Warner Oland, Clive Brook.jpg|thumb|L to R: Marlene Dietrich, Warner Oland, Clive Brook]]
''Shanghai Express'' is based on Henry Hervey's story "Sky Over China" (also known as "China Pass"), which was loosely based on the [[Lincheng Incident]] that occurred on May 6, 1923, in which a Shandong warlord captured the Shanghai-to-Beijing express train and took 25 Westerners, including [[Lucy Aldrich]], and 300 Chinese people hostage. All of the hostages were successfully ransomed.<ref name="CCOCH">French 2006</ref>{{rp|pp=120-130}}<ref name="OaL">Nozinski 1990 {{page needed|date=July 2015}}</ref>

The story also echoes elements of [[Guy de Maupassant]]'s short story "[[Boule de Suif]]" in that it consists of travelers stopped in a country at war and a woman is forced into intimate relations with the commander in charge. However, the denouement differs; in Maupassant's story, the woman does not murder the commander.

[[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]] studio heads were concerned that the [[Motion Picture Production Code|Hays Office]] kept a close watch on the film for its portrayal of Reverend Carmichael and the depiction of the Chinese revolution.<ref>[https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/89803/shanghai-express#notes "Notes: 'Shanghai Express'."] ''Turner Classic Movies''. Retrieved: August 28, 2024.</ref>

Although set in China, few Chinese actors appear in the film.<ref>Leong 2005, pp. 181–182.</ref> However, Anna May Wong, who was [[American-born Chinese]], has a major role, and many Chinese extras are used in the film.<ref>Noted by Homay King in the bonus interview on the Criterion Collection remastered Blu-ray of the film. See https://www.criterion.com/boxsets/1329-dietrich-von-sternberg-in-hollywood  Retrieved 27 August 2023.</ref>

''Shanghai Express'' film was in production from August to November 1931 and was released the following year.{{sfnb|Dixon|2012}}<ref name="Landazuri" />