Editing Scottsdale, Arizona (section)

===Early history and establishment===
[[File:Winfield & Helen Scott, 1900.jpg|thumb|right|Winfield & Helen Scott, 1900]]
In the early to mid-1880s, [[U.S. Army]] Chaplain [[Winfield Scott (chaplain)|Winfield Scott]] visited the Salt River Valley and was impressed with it and its potential for agriculture.<ref name=ScotHist>{{cite web|url=http://www.scottsdaleaz.gov/about/history|title=The West's Most Western Town|publisher=Scottsdaleaz.gov}}</ref> Returning in 1888 with his wife, Helen, he purchased {{cvt|640|acre}} where historic Old Town is now, for $3.50 an acre (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|3.5|1888|2015|r=0}}}} as of 2015) {{Inflation-fn|US}}.  Another landowner in the Southern part of town, Albert G. Utley, filed plans with Maricopa County for a city named "Orangedale," using Scott's Field as a border.  When the newspaper, then called the ''Arizona Republican'', published an article about the plan, they erroneously called the town "Scottsdale."  The article drew some publicity for the town, and ultimately this convinced Utley to change his filing and officially name the town "Scottsdale."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Messinger |first=Paul |title=Scottsdale got its name through newspaper error |url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/scottsdale/2014/08/01/scottsdale-got-name-newspaper-error/13462809/ |access-date=February 7, 2023 |website=The Arizona Republic}}</ref>

[[File:First Schoolhouse 1896.jpg|thumb|First schoolhouse in Scottsdale]]
In 1896, the Scottsdale Public School system was established,<ref name=ScotHist /> and opened the first schoolhouse, which was followed by the opening of the first general store by J.&nbsp;L. Davis, which also housed the first post office for Scottsdale in 1897.<ref name="Exp">{{cite web |title=History of Scottsdale |url=http://www.experiencescottsdale.com/history-of-scottsdale/ |publisher=Scottsdale Convention & Visitor's Bureau}}</ref><ref name="Insider">{{cite web |title=About Scottsdale |url=http://www.insider-scottsdale.com/Scottsdale_History.htm |publisher=InSider Scottsdale}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Scottsdale's History in Pictures |url=http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/splimage/id/25/rec/26 |url-status=dead |publisher=Scottsdale Public Library |access-date=January 5, 2014 |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031624/http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/splimage/id/25/rec/26 }}</ref> In the early 1900s the community supported an artists and writers culture,<ref name=ScotHist /> culminating in the opening of the region's first resort in 1909, the Ingleside Inn, just south of the Arizona Canal and west of the Crosscut Canal (Indian School Road at about 64th Street) in what is today Scottsdale.<ref>{{Cite book| title = Phoenix City Directory| publisher = Arizona Directory Company| page = 3| year = 1912}}<br>- {{cite web|url=http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/cdm/ref/collection/splimage/id/41|title=Scottsdale's History in Images|publisher=Scottsdale Public Library}}</ref> Also in 1909, Cavalliere's Blacksmith Shop opened in downtown Scottsdale, and the original schoolhouse was replaced by the much more expansive Little Red Schoolhouse, which stands to this day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/splimage/id/19/rec/20|title=Scottsdale's History in Images|publisher=Scottsdale Public Library}}</ref> While not in its original building, Cavalliere's has been in continuous operation since that time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scottsdaleaz.gov/Assets/Public+Website/historiczoning/SHRrptCavalliersI.pdf |title=Scottsdale Historic Register |publisher=Scottsdale |access-date=January 5, 2014 |archive-date=July 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702151333/http://www.scottsdaleaz.gov/Assets/Public+Website/historiczoning/SHRrptCavalliersI.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1912, both the [[Phoenix Street Railway]] Company and a competitor, the Salt River Valley Electric Railway Company, proposed building [[streetcar]] lines to Scottsdale,<ref>{{Cite web| title = Electric Railway Journal articles archived by the Phoenix Trolley Museum| url = http://phoenixtrolley.com/2010/06/09/the-salt-river-valley-electric-railway/| access-date = July 11, 2011}}</ref> but due to an economic downturn, neither was built. Between 1908 and 1933, due to the construction of the Granite Reef and Roosevelt dams (in 1908 and 1911, respectively), Scottsdale's population experienced a boom, growing steadily during those years. It became a small market town providing services for families involved in the agricultural industry.<ref name=ScotHist />

During the [[First World War]], Scottsdale and its environs supported a large cotton farming industry, due to the creation of Long Staple Egyptian Cotton, developed by the [[US Department of Agriculture]]. Cotton is still grown in southern Arizona, but Scottsdale's cotton boom ended with the loss of government contracts at the end of the war.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jandatri.com/pdfs/history-of-cotton-in-arizona.pdf | publisher=Jandatri.com | title=History of Cotton in Arizona: A Timeline | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127114811/http://www.jandatri.com/pdfs/history-of-cotton-in-arizona.pdf | archive-date=January 27, 2015}}</ref>
[[File:Jokake Inn 1926.jpg|thumb|right|Jokake Inn, Scottsdale]]

In 1920, a second resort was opened on {{cvt|12|acre}} of property owned by the artist [[Jessie Benton Evans]]. Called the Jokake Inn, meaning "mud house", the structure still stands on the grounds of the Phoenician Resort.<ref name=ScotHist /><ref name=Exp /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thephoenician.com/history/|title=Jokake Inn History|publisher=The Phoenician Inn}}</ref>

[[Great Depression in the United States|The Depression]] years saw an influx of artists and architects to Scottsdale, which included, in 1937, [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]. Wright and his wife purchased {{cvt|600|acre}} acres of desert at the foot of the [[McDowell Mountains]] and established [[Taliesin West]], his winter home and his architectural firm's southwestern headquarters.<ref name=ScotHist /><ref name=Exp /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taliesin.edu/history.html|title=Taliesin Historical Legacy|publisher=Taliesin}}</ref> Scottsdale and the rest of Phoenix have seen an everlasting influence from Wright. Many buildings throughout the region were designed by him. His influence on the regional architecture is commemorated by a major street bearing his name and a {{convert|125|ft|m|adj=on}} spire memorial designed by Wright in North Scottsdale.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://livebetterinscottsdale.com/2012/02/things-to-see-in-scottsdale-az-the-frank-lloyd-wright-spire/|title=The Frank Lloyd Wright Spire|publisher=Live Better in Scottsdale|date=February 14, 2012}}</ref>