Editing Rules of chess (section)

===White and black===
{{main|White and Black in chess}}
[[Image:Chess players in park, kiev.JPG|thumb|right|alt=Photo shows two men playing chess while two more look on.|A game in a public park in [[Kyiv]], using a [[chess clock]]]]
The player controlling the white pieces is named "White"; the player controlling the black pieces is named "Black". White moves first, then players alternate moves. Making a move is required; it is not legal to skip a move, [[zugzwang|even when having to move is detrimental]]. Play continues until a king is [[checkmate]]d, a player [[#Resigning|resigns]], or a [[draw (chess)|draw]] is declared, as explained below.{{sfn|FIDE|2023|loc=article 1}} In addition, if the game is being played under a [[time control]], a player who exceeds the [[#Time control|time limit]] loses the game unless they cannot be checkmated.{{sfn|FIDE|2023|loc=article 6}}

The official chess rules do not include a procedure for determining who plays White. Instead, this decision is left open to tournament-specific rules (e.g. a [[Swiss-system tournament|Swiss system tournament]] or [[round-robin tournament]]) or, in the case of casual play, mutual agreement, in which case some kind of random choice such as flipping a coin can be employed. A common method is for one player to conceal a pawn of each color in either hand; the other player chooses a hand to open and receives the color of the piece that is revealed.{{sfn|Pandolfini|1992|p=33}}